Transmission gear vibration mechanism and modification method for vibration and noise reduction
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摘要:
以某款自动变速器为研究对象,对齿轮振动机理和斜齿轮修形减振降噪方法开展深入研究。采用SimulationX仿真和试验方法,确定对系统振动贡献量最大的齿轮对;采用有限元法进行内部激励详细分析,包含传递误差、接触斑点、啮合冲击和轮齿的热变形;在考虑齿轮温度场影响前提下,以传递误差波动小、消除啮合冲击和齿面接触状态良好为优选目标,经大量仿真结果对比,确定修形方案。修形后试验结果表明,齿轮修形方案可行,改善了齿轮传动状态,有效地减小了变速器的振动噪声。
Abstract:This paper discusses the vibration mechanism of gear transmission and modification methods to reduce vibration and noise with a specific automatic transmission as the research object. Using SimulationX and test methods, the gears that have the most contribution to system vibration can be found. The internal excitation of the helical gear was analyzed with the method of finite element simulation, including transmission errors, contact spots, meshing impact and thermo-elastic deformation. Considering the minimum fluctuation amplitude of the transmission errors, meshing impact elimination and the optimal contact status as a comprehensive objective, the optimal gear modification was obtained after comparison with plenty of simulation results. Based on the test results after modification, it is verified that the proposed modification scheme can optimize the transmission status and further effectively reduce the vibration and noise of transmission.
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表 1 部件编号
Table 1. Serial number of components
部件编号 部件 1 太阳轮-行星轮啮合(行星排1) 2 齿圈-行星轮啮合(行星排1) 3 太阳轮-行星轮啮合(行星排2) 4 齿圈-行星轮啮合(行星排2) 5 太阳轮-行星轮啮合(行星排3) 6 齿圈-行星轮啮合(行星排3) 7 齿轮5-齿轮8啮合 8 齿轮4-齿轮7啮合 9 齿轮6-齿轮10啮合 10 齿轮2-齿轮11啮合 表 2 齿轮参数
Table 2. Parameters of gears
参数 齿轮6(主动轮) 齿轮10(从动轮) 模数/mm 1.3 1.3 齿数 61 132 压力角/(°) 17.5 17.5 螺旋角/(°) 18(左旋) 18(右旋) 齿侧间隙 0.075 0.075 变位系数 -0.077 0.150 齿顶圆直径/mm 86.3 184.38 齿根圆直径/mm 77.72 176.8 齿宽/mm 15 14 齿轮内径/mm 67.5 63 中心距/mm 132 132 扭矩/(N·mm) 178000 178000 表 3 齿轮温度场计算参数
Table 3. Parameters for calculating gear temperature field
参数 数值 黏度/(m2·s-1) 1.00×10-5 热传导系数/(W·(m·K)-1) 0.1322 比热/(J·(kg·K)-1) 2100 密度/(kg·m-3) 845 动力黏度/(MPa·s) 8.45 导温系数 7.450×10-8 Prandtl数 134.23 弹性模量/Pa 2.06×1011 综合弹性模量/Pa 2.25×1011 齿面粗糙度/μm 0.8 粗糙度因子 6.698 热膨胀系数/℃-1 1.2×10-5 表 4 齿向修形方案
Table 4. Modification scheme of tooth trace
倾斜量/μm 鼓形量/μm 0 1 … 21 0 0-0 0-1 … 0-21 1 1-0 1-1 … 1-21 7 7-0 7-1 … 7-21 表 5 齿廓修形方案
Table 5. Modification scheme of tooth profile
滚转角/(°) 修形量/μm 1 2 … 27 11.3 11.3-1 11.3-2 … 11.3-27 12.3 12.3-1 12.3-2 … 12.3-27 13.3 13.3-1 13.3-2 … 13.3-27 14.3 14.3-1 14.3-2 … 14.3-27 15.3 15.3-1 15.3-2 … 15.3-27 -
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