-
摘要:
扇翼飞行器是一种新概念新原理飞行器, 尤其是其具有独特空气动力学原理。扇翼能够同时产生升力和推力, 为了进一步改善扇翼的气动特性, 在不改变扇翼基本几何参数的前提下, 沿机身纵向布置前后2个扇翼, 组成了纵列式双扇翼飞行器。通过数值模拟的方法, 计算了前后扇翼间距、高度和安装角变化时的扇翼升力和推力值, 分析了前后扇翼气动特性相互影响的规律。此外还设计了纵列式双扇翼的风洞试验模型, 将获得的风洞试验结果与数值计算结果进行了初步的对比验证。结果表明, 在一定前后扇翼间距、高度和安装角下, 纵列式双扇翼的气动力相比单个扇翼更具优势。因此, 纵列式双扇翼布局的飞行器具有很好的发展前景和应用优势。
Abstract:Fan wing aircraft is a kind of new-concept new-principle aircraft, and especially its wing has unique aerodynamic principle.Fan wing can simultaneously generate lift and thrust.In order to further improve fan wing's aerodynamic characteristics, two fan wings were installed along the longitudinal body without changing fan wing's basic geometric parameters, which is composition of a tandem fan-wing aircraft.Through numerical simulation, the lift and thrust of the fan wings were calculated with the change of distance, height and installation angle of the front and rear fan wings, and the interaction rule of the aerodynamic characteristics between the front and rear fan wings was analyzed.In addition, the wind tunnel test model of a tandem fan wing was designed, and the wind tunnel test results and numerical calculation results were compared and verified preliminarily.The results show that in a certain condition of height, distance and installation angle, the aerodynamic characteristics of tandem fan wing have more advantages compared to single fan wing.Therefore, a tandem fan-wing aircraft has good development prospects and application advantages.
-
Key words:
- fan wing /
- cross flow fan /
- aerodynamic characteristics /
- wind tunnel test /
- CFD
-
表 1 扇翼几何尺寸参数
Table 1. Geometric parameters of fan wing
参数 数值 扇翼展长l/mm 500 横流风扇半径R/mm 150 弧形槽内径Rarcin/mm 155 弧形槽外径Rarcout/mm 160 扇翼弦长c/mm 561 后缘夹角θ/(°) 18 前缘开口角ψ/(°) 24 表 2 横流风扇叶片参数
Table 2. Cross flow fan blade parameters
参数 数值 叶片宽度b/mm 36 横流风扇内径Rin/mm 98 叶片外弧半径rout/mm 96 叶片内弧半径rin/mm 68 叶片根部圆弧半径rroot/mm 3 叶片安装角Φ/(°) 36.5 叶片间距σ/(°) 22.5 表 3 试验风洞参数
Table 3. Parameters of test wind tunnel
参数 数值 试验区尺寸/(m×m) 3.4×2.4 最大风速/(m·s-1) 40 最小稳定风速/(m·s-1) 5 收缩比 4 -
[1] PEEBLES P. Aerodynamic lift generating device: 6527229[P]. 2003-04-03. [2] FORESHAW S. Wind tunnel investigation of the new fan-wing design[D]. London: Imperial College, 1999. [3] ASKARI S, SHOJAEEFARD M H.Shape optimization of the airfoil comprising a cross flow fan[J].Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 2009, 81(5):407-415. doi: 10.1108/00022660910983680 [4] DUDDEMPUDI D, YAO Y, EDMONDSON D, et al.Computational study of flow over generic fan-wing airfoil[J].Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 2007, 79(3):238-244. doi: 10.1108/00022660710743831 [5] KUMMER J D, DANG T Q.Hight-lift propulsive with integrated cross flow fan[J].Journal of Aircraft, 2006, 43(4):1059-1068. doi: 10.2514/1.17610 [6] 孟琳, 叶永强, 李楠.扇翼飞行器的研究进展与应用前景[J].航空学报, 2015, 36(8):2651-2661. http://industry.wanfangdata.com.cn/dl/Detail/Periodical?id=Periodical_hkxb201508013MENG L, YE Y Q, LI N.Research progress and application prospects of fan-wing aircraft[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2015, 36(8):2651-2661(in Chinese). http://industry.wanfangdata.com.cn/dl/Detail/Periodical?id=Periodical_hkxb201508013 [7] 雷乾勇, 朱清华.风扇翼翼型气动特性研究[J].南京航空航天大学学报, 2016, 48(4):509-515. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-XAJT200807023.htmLEI Q Y, ZHU Q H.Aerodynamic characteristics of fanwing airfoil based on CFD method[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016, 48(4):509-515(in Chinese). http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-XAJT200807023.htm [8] 吴浩东. 风扇翼内部偏心涡特性研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2012.WU H D. Research on the characteristic of the eccentric vortex in the fanwing[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012(in Chinese). [9] 庞冲. 扇翼飞行器气动原理理论研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2015.PANG C. Theoretical research on aerodynamic principle of the fan-wing aircraft[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015(in Chinese). [10] 唐荣培. 扇翼气动特性的试验研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2014.TANG R P. Aerodynamic experimental research on fan-wing[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014(in Chinese). [11] 刘向楠. 扇翼设计参数及翼面形状气动优化研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2015.LIU X N. Research on the aerodynamic optimization of design parameters and airfoil of fanwing[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015(in Chinese). [12] 冯衬. 前缘弧形段小翼及开槽设计对扇翼气动性能影响分析[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2015.FENG C. The analysis of aerodynamic performance of the flap and slotted design on the front arc segment of fan-wing[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015(in Chinese). [13] 杜思亮, 芦志明, 唐正飞.扇翼飞行器翼型附面层控制数值模拟[J].航空学报, 2016, 37(6):1783-1791. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10699-2007057653.htmDU S L, LU Z M, TANG Z F.Numerical simulation research on the boundary control method of the fanwing's airfoil[J].Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2016, 37(6):1783-1791(in Chinese). http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10699-2007057653.htm [14] 黄同高, 杨忠, 王仁华, 等.扇翼飞行器纵向运动建模与控制方法[J].应用科技, 2011, 38(11):5-8. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-671X.2011.11.002HUANG T G, YANG Z, WANG R H, et al.Longitudinal mathematical modeling and flight control of fan-wing aircraft[J].Applied Science and Technology, 2011, 38(11):5-8(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-671X.2011.11.002 [15] 陈滔. 扇翼飞行器飞行控制系统研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2014.CHEN T. Research on flight control system of fan-wing aircraft[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014(in Chinese). [16] 李永泽, 孙传杰, 卢永刚.串列翼布局前后翼相对位置对气动特性影响研究[J].飞机设计, 2016, 36(6):32-36. http://www.cqvip.com/QK/90843X/200904/31385069.htmlLI Y Z, SUN C J, LU Y G.Studying the impact of aerodynamic characteristics duo to the relative position of the wing for the tandem wing[J].Aircraft Design, 2016, 36(6):32-36(in Chinese). http://www.cqvip.com/QK/90843X/200904/31385069.html [17] 黄水林, 招启军, 徐国华.纵列式双旋翼悬停状态气动干扰特性参数影响分析[J].空气动力学报, 2011, 29(2):155-156. https://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/0f82be72a417866fb84a8eb2-2.htmlHUAN S L, ZHAO Q J, XU G H.Parametric effect investigations on aerodynamic interaction characteristics for tandem rotors in hover[J].Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2011, 29(2):155-156(in Chinese). https://www.wenkuxiazai.com/doc/0f82be72a417866fb84a8eb2-2.html