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直升机尾桨完全失效后自转着陆轨迹优化

严旭飞 陈仁良

严旭飞, 陈仁良. 直升机尾桨完全失效后自转着陆轨迹优化[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2018, 44(6): 1203-1212. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2017.0459
引用本文: 严旭飞, 陈仁良. 直升机尾桨完全失效后自转着陆轨迹优化[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2018, 44(6): 1203-1212. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2017.0459
YAN Xufei, CHEN Renliang. Helicopter autorotation landing trajectory optimization after tail-rotor total failure[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018, 44(6): 1203-1212. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2017.0459(in Chinese)
Citation: YAN Xufei, CHEN Renliang. Helicopter autorotation landing trajectory optimization after tail-rotor total failure[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2018, 44(6): 1203-1212. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2017.0459(in Chinese)

直升机尾桨完全失效后自转着陆轨迹优化

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2017.0459
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 11672128

详细信息
    作者简介:

    严旭飞  男, 博士研究生。主要研究方向:直升机空气动力学与飞行力学

    陈仁良  男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师。主要研究方向:直升机空气动力学、直升机飞行力学与控制、直升机多学科优化设计

    通讯作者:

    陈仁良, E-mail:crlae@nuaa.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: V212.4

Helicopter autorotation landing trajectory optimization after tail-rotor total failure

Funds: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China 11672128

More Information
  • 摘要:

    为了研究直升机尾桨完全失效后自转着陆的最优轨迹和操纵过程,建立相应的飞行动力学模型并采用最优控制方法进行计算分析。建立直升机6自由度刚体飞行动力学模型,在模型中加入可以描述尾桨完全失效和自转着陆阶段发动机出轴功率以及旋翼转速变化的相关方程,并将直升机尾桨完全失效后的自转着陆问题转换为非线性最优控制问题进行求解。以某型号单旋翼带尾桨直升机为样机,计算空中停车自转着陆过程,并与飞行试验数据进行对比,验证了所建模型和最优控制方法的准确性。计算分析该型号直升机在以巡航速度下前飞时,尾桨完全失效后自转着陆的最优轨迹和操纵过程。从结果可以看出:尾桨完全失效时,直升机在旋翼反扭矩的作用下会产生较大的偏航角速度和侧滑角变化,进而产生复杂的耦合运动,驾驶员在关闭发动机进行自转着陆操作的同时,还需要通过操纵横向周期变距稳定滚转角,并以侧滑的方式来稳定横航向的姿态角,最后安全着陆。计算得到的最优轨迹和操纵过程,与工程试飞得出的定性的结论和建议相符。

     

  • 图 1  空中停车最优自转着陆过程与飞行试验数据对比

    Figure 1.  Comparison between optimal autorotation landing procedure and flight test data for in-flight shutdown

    图 2  最优自转着陆过程的状态量变化

    Figure 2.  States in optimal autorotation landing procedure

    图 3  最优自转着陆过程的功率、转速、侧滑角与操纵量的变化

    Figure 3.  Power, rotor speed, sideslip angle and controls in the optimal autorotation landing procedure

    表  1  某直升机基本参数

    Table  1.   Basic parameters of a helicopter

    参数 数值
    总质量W/kg 2 000
    旋翼半径R/m 5.345
    主桨叶片数nMb 3
    负扭θ1/(°) -12
    桨叶弦长c/m 0.35
    旋翼转速Ω/(r·min-1) 386
    旋翼实度σ 0.062
    旋翼方向 左旋
    尾桨叶片数nTb 2
    平尾面积Shs/m2 4.67
    平尾安装角ihs/(°) 0
    垂尾面积/m2 1.021
    旋翼位置/m (-0.09, 0.01, 1.53)
    平尾位置/m (-4.91, 0.01, 0.01)
    垂尾位置/m (-6.90, 0, 0.50)
    尾桨位置/m (-6.35, 0.30, -0.51)
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2017-07-06
  • 录用日期:  2017-10-13
  • 网络出版日期:  2018-06-20

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