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飞机蒙皮铝合金超声辅助搅拌摩擦焊试验分析

杨坤玉 贺地求

杨坤玉, 贺地求. 飞机蒙皮铝合金超声辅助搅拌摩擦焊试验分析[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2017, 43(10): 1987-1993. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0796
引用本文: 杨坤玉, 贺地求. 飞机蒙皮铝合金超声辅助搅拌摩擦焊试验分析[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2017, 43(10): 1987-1993. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0796
YANG Kunyu, HE Diqiu. Test analysis for ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding of aircraft skin aluminium alloy[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017, 43(10): 1987-1993. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0796(in Chinese)
Citation: YANG Kunyu, HE Diqiu. Test analysis for ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding of aircraft skin aluminium alloy[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017, 43(10): 1987-1993. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0796(in Chinese)

飞机蒙皮铝合金超声辅助搅拌摩擦焊试验分析

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2016.0796
基金项目: 

国家“973”计划 2014CB046605

详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨坤玉, 女, 博士研究生, 教授。主要研究方向:航空铝合金构件的焊接与修复; 贺地求, 男, 教授。主要研究方向:搅拌摩擦焊及金属固态焊接方法、工艺与装备

    贺地求男,教授。主要研究方向:搅拌摩擦焊及金属固态焊接方法、工艺与装备

    通讯作者:

    贺地求, E-mail:ytliangyong@sina.com

  • 中图分类号: TG453.9

Test analysis for ultrasonic assisted friction stir welding of aircraft skin aluminium alloy

Funds: 

National Basic Research Program of China 2014CB046605

More Information
  • 摘要:

    针对飞机蒙皮对接时,因搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)工艺窗口狭窄易致底部虚焊、弱连接等缺陷问题,为了探索更适合大飞机蒙皮长程稳定焊接的新方法,设计了超声辅助搅拌摩擦焊(UAFSW)与FSW的蒙皮连接对比试验,采用1.8 mm厚度的2524-T3铝合金进行了同种工艺条件下的UAFSW与FSW焊接,对表面成形良好、内部无缺陷的FSW与UAFSW焊缝,进行了拉伸、金相、扫描电镜观察等对比分析试验。结果表明,与FSW焊缝相比,UAFSW焊缝缺陷率明显降低,工艺窗口扩大;UAFSW焊缝表面纹理更细密,层叠现象消失;UAFSW焊缝的平均抗拉强度略高于FSW焊缝,达到母材强度的90.7%;UAFSW焊缝的平均延伸率则比FSW焊缝高20%左右。研究发现,超声的加入使UAFSW焊缝微观组织更细更均匀,晶粒尺寸变细小,且晶粒沿轧制方向的规律性被打乱,呈现无明显方向的杂序排列。

     

  • 图 1  试件尺寸与焊缝横截面设计

    Figure 1.  Specimen size and weld joint cross-sectional design

    图 2  UAFSW系统设计原理图

    Figure 2.  Schematic diagram of UAFSW system design

    图 3  UAFSW试验系统

    Figure 3.  UAFSW test system

    图 4  FSW与UAFSW焊缝的X射线无损检测照片

    Figure 4.  X-ray nondestructive testing radiograms of FSW and UAFSW weld joints

    图 5  FSW与UAFSW焊缝外观对比

    Figure 5.  Comparison of appearance of FSW and UAFSW weld joints

    图 6  FSW与UAFSW焊缝的X射线无损检测照片对比

    Figure 6.  Comparison of X-ray nondestructive radiograms of FSW and UAFSW weld joints

    图 7  FSW表面纹理扫描电镜照片

    Figure 7.  SEM photographs showing surface texture of an FSW weld

    图 8  UAFSW表面纹理扫描电镜照片

    Figure 8.  SEM photographs showing surface texture of a UAFSW weld

    图 9  FSW与UAFSW焊缝拉伸性能对比

    Figure 9.  Comparison of tensile property between FSW and UAFSW weld joints

    图 10  FSW与UAFSW焊缝横截面宏观金相

    Figure 10.  Macroscopic metallographs of FSW and UAFSW weld joint cross-sections

    图 11  超声能对焊缝整体流变区域的影响示意图

    Figure 11.  Influences of ultrasonic energy on weld joint flow area

    图 12  EBSD晶粒尺寸

    Figure 12.  EBSD grain size

    表  1  2524-T3铝合金主要化学成分

    Table  1.   Main chemical components of 2524-T3 aluminium alloy

    元素 Cu Mg Mn Fe Si Cr Ti Zn Al
    质量分数/% 4.8 1.4 1.3 0.08 0.06 < 0.005 < 0.005 < 0.005 其余
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  2524-T3铝合金母材力学性能

    Table  2.   Mechanical properties of base material of 2524-T3 aluminium alloy

    力学性能 抗拉强度/MPa 屈服强度/MPa 延伸率/%
    数值 439.4 360 13
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2016-10-14
  • 录用日期:  2016-11-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2017-10-20

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