Safe driving speed threshold on curve section of road under different loading conditions based on TruckSim
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摘要:
为研究装载工况和路面条件对弯道路段安全车速阈值的影响,运用TruckSim仿真软件建立大型车辆整车动力学模型、道路场景模型和驾驶人控制策略模型,从装载质量和道路附着系数2个方面分别设计实验进行仿真,分析车辆在弯道路段发生侧滑、侧翻的影响因素及其影响程度。以陕西省某高速公路一弯道路段为例,研究了车辆在双因素影响下,通过弯道的安全车速阈值。结果表明:随着装载质量的增加,弯道安全车速阈值减小,安全车速阈值与装载质量之间为幂函数关系;道路附着系数在0.1~0.6范围内时,随着弯道路面附着系数的增加,弯道安全车速阈值减小,且二者为指数函数关系;当道路附着系数在0.6~1.1范围内时,随着弯道路面附着系数的增加,弯道安全车速阈值变化趋于平缓。根据模型仿真分析结果,针对超载超限问题,进一步对交通管理部门、装载人员和驾驶人提出相应的安全建议,旨在提高公路弯道行车主动安全性,也为公路安全运营研究提供理论及技术支持。
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关键词:
- 交通安全 /
- 弯道路段 /
- 安全车速阈值 /
- TruckSim仿真 /
- 参数化建模
Abstract:In order to investigate the influence of loading conditions and road conditions on safe driving speed threshold on curve section of road, oversize vehicle dynamics model, road scene model and driver control model were established by using TruckSim software. Simulation tests were conducted in terms of the loading quality and road adhesion coefficient, and the contributory factors to vehicle rollover and sideslip on curve section of road and the degree of influence were analyzed. Finally, one curve section on an expressway in Shaanxi Province was taken as an example, and the safe driving speed threshold influenced by two factors was studied. The results indicate that the safe driving speed threshold on curve section decreases with increasing loading quality of freight, and it shows a power function relationship between safe driving speed threshold and loading quality; safe driving speed threshold on the curve section presents a downward trend while the road adhesion coefficient increases from 0.1 to 0.6, and the safe driving speed threshold and road adhesion coefficient show an exponential function relationship; safe driving speed threshold on the curve section remains stable while the road adhesion coefficient increases from 0.6 to 1.1. In accordance with the model simulation analysis results and aimed at overload and over-limited problems, this paper gives some security advice to traffic management departments, stevedores as well as drivers, which can improve the active safety for driving on the curve section of road and provide theoretical and technical support for road safety operation research.
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表 1 挂车基本参数
Table 1. Basic parameters of trailer
参数 数值 挂车车体高度/mm 2 700 挂车车体宽度/mm 2 480 车体质心距挂钩的距离/mm 3 400 车体质心距地面的距离/mm 1 936 挂钩中心距地面的距离/mm 1 140 质心距纵向对称面的距离/mm 0 簧载质量/kg 5 500 车体侧倾惯量/(kg·m2) 8 997.1 车体俯仰惯量/(kg·m2) 149 981.1 表 2 发动机参数
Table 2. Parameters of engine
参数 数值 额定功率/kW 300 额定转速/(r·min-1) 2 100 怠速转速/ (r·min-1) 625 曲轴转动惯量/ (kg·m2) 2.75 表 3 差速器(主减速器)参数
Table 3. Parameters of differential(main reducing gear)
参数 数值 左、右驱动轮转矩差值/(N·m) 0 传动比 4.4 传动效率/% 99 扭转刚度/(N·m·(°) -1) 80 扭转阻尼/(N·m·s·(°) -1) 0.8 主动轴转动惯量/(kg·m2) 0.013 左、右轮从动轴转动惯量/(kg·m2) 0.009 表 4 不同装载质量的安全车速阈值
Table 4. Safe driving speed thresholds for different loading quality
实验编号 装载质量/t 安全车速阈值/(km·h-1) 1 25 75.0 2 30 68.0 3 35 63.0 4 40 58.0 5 45 55.0 6 47 53.0 7 49 52.0 8 51 51.5 9 53 51.0 10 55 50.5 11 60 49.5 12 65 49.0 13 70 48.5 表 5 不同道路附着系数的安全车速阈值
Table 5. Safe driving speed thresholds for different road adhesion coefficients
实验编号 弯道道路附着系数 安全车速阈值/(km·h-1) 1 0.1 42 2 0.2 46 3 0.3 50 4 0.4 54 5 0.5 57 6 0.6 59 8 0.8 59 9 0.9 59 10 1.0 59 11 1.1 59 表 6 复杂状况下车辆行驶安全车速阈值
Table 6. Safe driving speed threshold of driving vehicle under complex conditions
km/h 装载质量/t 道路附着系数 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 15 92 108 123 136 147 158 158 158 158 158 20 91 104 116 127 138 149 149 149 149 149 25 90 100 111 121 130 140 140 140 140 140 30 89.5 97 105 114 121 128 128 128 128 128 35 89 95 102 108 113 119 119 119 119 119 37 88.5 94 99 104 109 114 114 114 114 114 39 88 93 97 101 105 109 109 109 109 109 41 88 93 97 101 104 108 108 108 108 108 43 87.5 92.5 96.5 100 103.5 107 107 107 107 107 45 87 92.5 96.5 99.5 103 106 106 106 106 106 50 86.5 92 96 99 102 105 105 105 105 105 55 86.5 91 95 98 101 103 103 103 103 103 60 86 89 92 96 98 100 100 100 100 100 -
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