留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

基于相干度优化的极化顺轨干涉SAR慢小目标CFAR检测

张鹏 张嘉峰 刘涛

张鹏, 张嘉峰, 刘涛等 . 基于相干度优化的极化顺轨干涉SAR慢小目标CFAR检测[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2019, 45(3): 575-587. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0322
引用本文: 张鹏, 张嘉峰, 刘涛等 . 基于相干度优化的极化顺轨干涉SAR慢小目标CFAR检测[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2019, 45(3): 575-587. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0322
ZHANG Peng, ZHANG Jiafeng, LIU Taoet al. Slow and small target CFAR detection of polarimetric along-track interferometric SAR using coherence optimization[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019, 45(3): 575-587. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0322(in Chinese)
Citation: ZHANG Peng, ZHANG Jiafeng, LIU Taoet al. Slow and small target CFAR detection of polarimetric along-track interferometric SAR using coherence optimization[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019, 45(3): 575-587. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0322(in Chinese)

基于相干度优化的极化顺轨干涉SAR慢小目标CFAR检测

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0322
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 61771483

详细信息
    作者简介:

    张鹏, 男, 硕士研究生。主要研究方向:极化SAR图像模型辨识、极化干涉SAR慢动目标检测

    张嘉峰, 男, 硕士, 助理工程师。主要研究方向:极化SAR图像统计建模与目标CFAR检测

    刘涛, 男, 博士, 教授。主要研究方向:瞬态极化统计理论、雷达极化抗干扰、极化SAR GMTI、极化分解

    通讯作者:

    刘涛, E-mail:liutao1018@sina.com

  • 中图分类号: TN955;TN957.51;TN959.73

Slow and small target CFAR detection of polarimetric along-track interferometric SAR using coherence optimization

Funds: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China 61771483

More Information
  • 摘要:

    为改善干涉合成孔径雷达(SAR)系统对慢动小目标的检测性能,研究了全极化顺轨干涉SAR(AT-POLINSAR)实现慢动目标恒虚警(CFAR)检测的方法。首先,通过对单基线AT-POLINSAR的系统设计,明确了其在现有技术条件下的可实现性,并对其信号形式与极化干涉回波进行了建模分析。然后,针对AT-POLINSAR 6维极化干涉矢量提出了以背景杂波平均相干度为优化准则的极化降维新方法,构建了一种统计分布类型与单极化干涉数据相同的次优极化标量干涉回波,从而使目前单极化顺轨干涉SAR(AT-INSAR)慢动目标CFAR检测方法可直接扩展至全极化情形。最后,通过检测实验对次优极化与单极化的慢动目标检测性能进行了对比分析。结果表明,次优极化方法能充分利用全极化信息提高INSAR对慢小目标的检测概率。

     

  • 图 1  单基线AT-POLINSAR成像几何示意图

    Figure 1.  Geometry schematic diagram of single-baseline AT-POLINSAR acquisition

    图 2  次优极化统计分布

    Figure 2.  Statistical distribution of suboptimal polarization

    图 3  干涉图二维散布特性

    Figure 3.  scatter characteristics of interferograms

    图 4  采用SICP进行运动目标检测流程图

    Figure 4.  Flowchart of moving target detection using SICP

    图 5  ROC曲线仿真结果

    Figure 5.  Simulated curves of ROC

    图 6  场景图像仿真流程和仿真结果

    Figure 6.  Generated flow and result of simulated scene image

    图 7  AT-POLINSAR信号级仿真图像和不同检测算法的检测结果

    Figure 7.  Signal level simulation image AT-POLINSAR and its detection results by different algorithms

    图 8  目标径向速度估计相对误差

    Figure 8.  Relative estimation error of target radial velocity

    图 9  估计点数对SICP性能的影响

    Figure 9.  Performance of SICP vs. estimation point number

    表  1  分布式杂波、目标仿真关键参数

    Table  1.   Key parameters of distributed clutter and target simulation

    项目 σxy/σhh TCR SNR ρxy-hh ρxy-hv
    杂波 hh 1 1 1 0.2
    hv 0.25 0.5 0.2 1
    vv 2 2 0.7 0.2
    目标1 (0.8 m/s) hh 1 0.9 4 1 0.5
    hv 0.25 0.9 1 0.5 1
    vv 4 0.9 8 0.7 0.5
    目标2 (1.6 m/s) hh 1 1.1 4 1 0.5
    hv 0.25 1.1 1 0.5 1
    vv 4 1.1 8 0.7 0.5
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  AT-POLINSAR场景图像仿真参数

    参数 数值
    雷达工作距离/m 4 000.0
    载机飞行速度/(m·s-1) 276.0
    波长/m 0.1
    脉冲重复频率/Hz 662.0
    基线长度/m 3.34
    合成孔径时间/s 0.869 6
    重复观测时间/s 0.012 1
    发射脉冲宽度/μs 1.0
    发射信号带宽/MHz 216.0
    发射信号中心频率/GHz 3.0
    过采样率 1.2
    斜视角/(°) 0
    分辨率(方位/m×距离/m) 1.0×1.0
    分辨率加权因子 1.2
    目标1坐标(距离向/m,方位向/m) (25, 0)
    目标2坐标(距离向/m,方位向/m) (75, 0)
    目标3坐标(距离向/m,方位向/m) (125, 0)
    目标4坐标(距离向/m,方位向/m) (175, 0)
    目标1径向速度/(m·s-1) 0
    目标2径向速度/(m·s-1) 0.9
    目标3径向速度/(m·s-1) -1.2
    目标4径向速度/(m·s-1) 0
      注:成像算法为距离多普勒;杂波类型为复Wishart。
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] WANG G Y, XIA X G, CHEN V C.Radar imaging of moving targets in foliage using multifrequency multiaperture polarimetric SAR[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2003, 41(8):1755-1764. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2003.813501
    [2] GIERULL C H.Statistical analysis of multilook SAR interferograms for CFAR detection of ground moving targets[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2004, 42(4):691-701. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2003.821886
    [3] GAO G, WANG X, LAI T.Detection of moving ships based on a combination of magnitude and phase in along-track interferometric SAR-Part Ⅱ:Statistical modelling and CFAR detection[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2015, 53(7):3582-3599. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2379351
    [4] GIERULL C H, SIKANETA I, CERUTTI-MAORI D.Space-based SAR ground moving target indication[M]//KLEMM R, NICKEL U, GIERULL C, et al.Novel radar techniques and applications volume 1: Real aperture array radar, imaging radar, and passive and multistatic radar.London: SciTech Publishing, 2015: 313-360.
    [5] 李仲森, 埃里克·鲍狄埃.极化雷达成像基础与应用[M].洪文, 李洋, 尹婧, 等, 译.北京: 电子工业出版社, 2013: 82-83.

    LEE J S, POTTIER E.Polarimetric radar imaging: From basics to applications[M].HONG W, LI Y, YIN Q, et al.translated.Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2013: 82-83(in Chinese).
    [6] 匡纲要, 陈强, 陆军.极化合成孔径雷达基础理论及其应用[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社, 2011:1-20.

    KUANG G Y, CHEN Q, LU J.Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar basic principles and its application[M].Changsha:NUDT Publish House, 2011:1-20(in Chinese).
    [7] WANG X S, LI Y Z, DAI H Y, et al.Research on instantaneous polarization radar system and external experiment[J].Chinese Science Bulletin, 2010, 55(15):1560-1567. doi: 10.1007/s11434-010-3102-y
    [8] 李永祯, 李棉全, 程旭, 等.雷达极化测量体制研究综述[J].系统工程与电子技术, 2013, 35(9):1873-1877. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2013.09.12

    LI Y Z, LI M Q, CHENG X, et al.Summarization of radar polarization measurement modes[J].System Engineering and Electronic Technology, 2013, 35(9):1873-1877(in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2013.09.12
    [9] 王雪宾.同时极化雷达测量波形优化及检测技术研究[D].哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2016. http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=degree&id=D01099124

    WANG X B.Research on waveform optimization and detection technology of simultaneous polarimetric radar[D].Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2016(in Chinese). http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/details/detail.do?_type=degree&id=D01099124
    [10] 王福来, 庞晨, 李永祯, 等.一种同时全极化雷达正交多相编码波形设计方法[J].雷达学报, 2017, 6(4):340-348. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ldxb201704003

    WANG F L, PANG C, LI Y Z, et al.Orthogonal polyphase coded waveform design method for simultaneous fully polarimetric radar'[J].Journal of Radar, 2017, 6(4):340-348(in Chinese). http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/ldxb201704003
    [11] LIU C.Effects of target motion on polarimetric SAR images[J].Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 2006, 32(2):51-56. doi: 10.5589/m06-013
    [12] LIU C.Time-frequency analysis of POLSAR moving target data[J].Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, 2007, 33(4):237-249. doi: 10.5589/m07-019
    [13] 李廷伟, 杜湘瑜, 黄海风, 等.全极化沿航向干涉SAR系统参数优化设计[J].系统工程与电子技术, 2011, 33(1):69-73. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2011.01.14

    LI T W, DU X Y, HUANG H F, et al.Optimization design for the fully polarimetric along-track interferometric SAR system parameters[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics, 2011, 33(1):69-73(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2011.01.14
    [14] CLOUDE S R, PAPATHANASSIOU K P.Polarimetric SAR interferometry[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application, 1999, 36(5):1551-1565. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/dzkxxk200705057
    [15] PAPATHANASSIOU K P, CLOUDE S R.Single-baseline polarimetric SAR interferometry[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 2001, 39(11):2352-2363. doi: 10.1109/36.964971
    [16] 刘忠训, 代大海, 王雪松, 等.极化SAR动目标定位中的残差图像干涉相干度分析[J].电子与信息学报, 2009, 31(3):606-609. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DZYX200903023.htm

    LIU Z X, DAI D H, WANG X S, et al.Analysis of the interferometric coherence between residual images in location of moving target with polarimetric SAR[J].Journal of Electronics and Information Technology, 2009, 31(3):606-609(in Chinese). http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTotal-DZYX200903023.htm
    [17] STACY N, PREISS M.Polarimetric ATI slow target detection in a log likelihood framework[C]//IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium.Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2014: 3163-3166.
    [18] STACY N, PREISS M.ATI slow target detection in a log likelihood framework[C]//European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar(EUSAR), 2008.
    [19] 郑春明.合成孔径雷达地面动目标检测技术研究[D].北京: 中国科学院电子学研究所, 2007: 25-65. https://www.ixueshu.com/document/f0f0cd7e7ff773b7318947a18e7f9386.html

    ZHENG C M.Research on synthetic aperture radar ground moving target detection technology[D].Beijing: Institute of Electronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2007: 25-65(in Chinese). https://www.ixueshu.com/document/f0f0cd7e7ff773b7318947a18e7f9386.html
    [20] ZHANG P, ZHANG J F, MA D, et al.Contrastive analysis of the performances of radar multi-look polarimetric detectors[C]//IEEE Radar Conference.Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Press, 2017: 1373-1378.
    [21] 罗鹏飞, 张文明.随机信号分析与处理[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 2012:20-21.

    LUO P F, ZHANG W M.Analyses and processes to random signals[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 2012:20-21(in Chinese).
    [22] 《数学手册》编写组.数学手册[M].北京:高等教育出版社, 2010:627-628.

    Writing group of "Mathematical Manual".Mathematical manual[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2010:627-628(in Chinese).
    [23] 时公涛.基于干涉图的多通道SAR地面慢动目标自动检测技术研究[D].长沙: 国防科学技术大学, 2009: 67-166. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-90002-2010165389.htm

    SHI G T.The research on multi-channel SAR automatic detection of slow ground moving targets based on the interferogram[D].Changsha: National University of Defence Technology, 2009: 67-166(in Chinese). http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-90002-2010165389.htm
    [24] PIPIA, L, FÀBREGAS X.Generation of Pol-SAR and POL-in-SAR data for homogeneous distributed targets simulation[C]//Proceedings of the POLINSAR 2005 Workshop, 2005: 1-4.
    [25] 高飞, 孙进平, 袁运能, 等.单通道SAR实现ATI动目标检测的新方法[J].北京航空航天大学学报, 2007, 33(8):890-893. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5965.2007.08.006

    GAO F, SUN J P, YUAN Y N, et al.New method of moving target detection using single channel SAR ATI[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007, 33(8):890-893(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-5965.2007.08.006
  • 加载中
图(9) / 表(2)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  571
  • HTML全文浏览量:  138
  • PDF下载量:  1087
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-06-03
  • 录用日期:  2018-08-24
  • 网络出版日期:  2019-03-20

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回
    常见问答