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摘要:
触摸屏上的触觉再现技术增加了人机交互的真实感和丰富性。在触觉再现中，掩蔽效应改变了触觉感知特性（绝对阈值和分辨阈值），影响了触觉渲染模型的准确性及触觉再现效果的真实性。基于机械振动、空气压膜与静电力三元融合的触觉再现装置，采用“三下一上”的实验方法，研究5种不同幅度的机械振动触觉反馈作为掩蔽刺激时，空气压膜触觉反馈感知特性的变化。与静电力触觉反馈作为目标刺激时感知特性的变化进行比较，得出如下结论：在绝对阈值方面，当机械振动驱动电压幅度由0 V增加到100 V时，空气压膜绝对阈值由34.30 V增加到46.41 V，增加了35.31%，增长幅度为静电力绝对阈值增长幅度的14.95%；在分辨阈值方面，当机械振动驱动电压幅度由0 V增加到100 V时，空气压膜分辨阈值在（15.21±0.67）V范围内浮动，变化趋势与静电力触觉反馈基本相同。
Abstract:Tactile reproduction technology on touch screens enhances the sense of reality and richness of users' interaction experience. In the process of tactile reproduction, masking effect changes tactile perception characteristics (both absolute threshold and differential threshold), and influences the accuracy of tactile rendering model and the reality of tactile reproduction effect. Based on tactile reproduction device with mechanical vibration, squeeze film effect and electrostatic force, through "three-down-one-up" experimental method, we studied tactile feedback perception characteristics of squeeze film effect when the tactile feedback of five kinds of mechanical vibrations with different amplitudes were taken as masking stimulus. We also compared the results with those targeted by electrostatic force. The conclusions are drawn as follow:In terms of absolute threshold, when the mechanical vibration stimulation intensity increases from 0 V to 100 V, the absolute threshold of squeeze film effect increases 35.31%, from 34.30 V to 46.41 V, and the increase is 14.95% of the electrostatic absolute threshold growth. In terms of the differential thresholds, when the mechanical vibration stimulation intensity increases from 0 V to 100 V, the differential thresholds of squeeze film effect float within the range of (15.21±0.67) V, similar as the changing trend of electrostatic force tactile feedback.
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图 4 融合机械振动、空气压膜与静电力的触觉再现装置结构框图
Figure 4. Structure block diagram of tactile reproduction device with mechanical vibration, squeeze film effect and electrostatic force
图 5 融合机械振动、空气压膜与静电力的触觉再现装置实物图
Figure 5. Photo of tactile reproduction device with mechanical vibration, squeeze film effect and electrostatic force
图 7 机械振动刺激下空气压膜绝对阈值测试刺激和参考刺激加载方式
Figure 7. Loading method of test stimulus and reference stimulus for absolute thresholds of squeeze film effect under mechanical vibration
图 9 机械振动刺激下空气压膜绝对阈值
Figure 9. Influence of mechanical vibration on absolute thresholds of squeeze film effect
图 10 每名实验者在不同幅度机械振动刺激下空气压膜绝对阈值
Figure 10. Absolute threshold of squeeze film effect of each subject under mechanical vibration stimulation with different amplitudes
图 11 机械振动刺激下空气压膜分辨阈值测试刺激和参考刺激加载方式
Figure 11. Loading method of test stimulus and reference stimulus for differential thresholds of squeeze film effect under mechanical vibration
图 12 机械振动刺激下空气压膜分辨阈值
Figure 12. Influence of mechanical vibration on differential thresholds of squeeze film effect
图 13 每名实验者在不同幅度机械振动刺激下空气压膜分辨阈值
Figure 13. Differential threshold of squeeze film effect of each subject under mechanical vibration stimulation with different amplitudes
图 14 机械振动刺激下静电力绝对阈值
Figure 14. Influence of mechanical vibration on absolute thresholds of electrostatic force
图 15 机械振动刺激下静电力分辨阈值
Figure 15. Influence of mechanical vibration on differential thresholds of electrostatic force
图 16 机械振动对空气压膜及静电力绝对阈值的影响
Figure 16. Effect of mechanical vibration on absolute threshold of squeeze film effect and electrostatic force
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