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摘要:
为评估飞机碳排放水平并验证适航性,对国际民用航空组织最新的碳排放认证程序进行了研究。以比航程(SAR)和基准几何因子(RGF)组成的综合指标碳当量值作为评估适航性的度量,根据飞机最大起飞重量(MTOM)值选取试飞测量点,并确定对应的飞机碳当量值限制线。提出了一种基于快速存储记录器(QAR)数据的飞机碳当量水平快速评估方法,利用新服役飞机的QAR数据,使用多参数支持向量机回归(SVR)方法分别建立燃油消耗率和飞行速度相对于推力的修正关系,通过飞机总重换算求解3个飞行测量点条件下的SAR值,并计算碳当量值。使用一架B777-200新飞机的QAR数据进行实例分析,计算结果显示,该机型碳当量值为1.598 7,超出限制线20.5%。提出的基于QAR数据的碳当量值计算方法可以用于飞机碳排放水平的快速评估。
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关键词:
- 碳当量值 /
- 适航 /
- 比航程(SAR) /
- 基准几何因子(RGF) /
- 快速存储记录器(QAR)数据
Abstract:To assess aircraft carbon dioxide emission levels and verify airworthiness, the latest ICAO certification process for carbon dioxide emissions has been studied. The comprehensive index CO2 metric consisting of the specific air range (SAR) and the reference geometry factor (RGF) is used as a measure of airworthiness. The test flight measurement point is selected according to the maximum takeoff weight (MTOM) value of the aircraft, and the corresponding aircraft carbon dioxide metric value limit line is determined. Based on this, a fast evaluation method of aircraft CO2 metric based on quick access recorder (QAR) data is proposed. Using the QAR data of the new serving aircraft, the corrected relationship between fuel consumption rate and thrust and that between airspeed and thrust are established by multi-parameter support vector machine regression (SVR) method. The total weight of the aircraft is used to solve the SAR values and the CO2 metric under the three flight test points. The QAR data of a new serving B777-200 aircraft was used for case analysis. The calculation results show that the CO2 metric of the model is 1.598 7, which exceeds the limit line by 20.5%. The proposed calculation method of CO2 metric based on QAR data can be used as an effective way to complete the rapid assessment of aircraft carbon dioxide emission levels.
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表 1 测量点选取稳态容限条件
Table 1. Measuring point steady state tolerance limit condition
参数 判稳条件 马赫数Ma ΔMa < 0.005 环境温度TAT ΔTAT < 1℃ 航向角α Δα < 3° 俯仰角β Δβ < 3° 滚转角σ Δσ < 3° 地速GS ΔGS < 3.7km/h(2kt) 地速变化率DGS ΔDGS < 2.8km/h/min (1.5kt/min) 飞行高度ALT ΔALT < 23m (75ft) 注:kt为速度单位,knots的缩写,此速度单位常用于航海、航空等领域。 表 2 测量点飞机总重条件
Table 2. Measuring point aircraft total weight condition
实时总重量 表达式 数值/kg 高总重量 0.92MTOM 227433 中总重量 (0.92MTOM+0.45MTOM+
0.63MTOM0.94)/2199643 低总重量 0.45MTOM+0.63MTOM0.924 171853 表 3 部分时刻相关飞行参数
Table 3. Relevant flight parameters (partial)
时刻/s WF.L/
(kg·s-1)WF.R/
(kg·s-1)EPR.L EPR.R TAS/
(m·s-1)4302 0.8873 0.8730 1.1367 1.1357 246.206 4943 0.8996 0.8996 1.1484 1.1484 244.407 5384 0.9016 0.8994 1.1475 1.1484 245.178 7125 0.8975 0.8934 1.1494 1.1504 244.793 7966 0.8607 0.8627 1.1143 1.1145 243.407 ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ ⋮ 表 4 比航程值和碳当量值计算结果
Table 4. SAR value and CO2 metric calculation results
状态 实时
总重量/kgSAR (1/SAR)AVG RGF CMC 高总重量 227433 0.1978 中总重量 199643 0.1473 0.1353 270.7 1.9264 低总重量 171853 0.0969 表 5 喷气运输机碳当量限制值调整系数
Table 5. Jet plane CO2 metric limit value adjustment coefficient
MTOM范围/kg C1 C2 C3 5700 < MTOM < 60000 -2.73780 0.681310 -0.0277861 MTOM>70395 -1.412742 -0.020517 0.0593831 -
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