留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

三维重建的飞机机动动作库设计与可视化

苏光旭 张登成 魏金鹏 李海泉 张艳华 雷玉昌

苏光旭, 张登成, 魏金鹏, 等 . 三维重建的飞机机动动作库设计与可视化[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2021, 47(6): 1277-1287. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0160
引用本文: 苏光旭, 张登成, 魏金鹏, 等 . 三维重建的飞机机动动作库设计与可视化[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2021, 47(6): 1277-1287. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0160
SU Guangxu, ZHANG Dengcheng, WEI Jinpeng, et al. Design and visualization of 3D reconstruction of aircraft maneuver movements library[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021, 47(6): 1277-1287. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0160(in Chinese)
Citation: SU Guangxu, ZHANG Dengcheng, WEI Jinpeng, et al. Design and visualization of 3D reconstruction of aircraft maneuver movements library[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021, 47(6): 1277-1287. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0160(in Chinese)

三维重建的飞机机动动作库设计与可视化

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0160
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    张登成, E-mail: dengcheng_zhang@163.com

  • 中图分类号: V212.13+5

Design and visualization of 3D reconstruction of aircraft maneuver movements library

More Information
  • 摘要:

    机动动作库是飞机空战仿真的重要基础,可靠的、具有针对性的机动动作库能够提高空战仿真的真实性和应用价值。为了建立具有针对性的机动动作库,提出了一种通过三维逆向建模进行气动特性计算再建立飞机机动动作库的技术途径,对气动参数未知飞机的空战仿真问题提供了技术支撑。首先,对飞机的几何外形进行了三维重建,计算分析了其纵向气动特性;然后,将气动数据加入飞行仿真的限制环节,设计了针对该型飞机典型战术动作的机动动作库;最后,基于MATLAB函数进行了机动动作的可视化研究。研究结果表明:机动动作库体现了对于飞机类型的针对性和可靠性,可视化实现了飞行轨迹和飞机姿态的三维显示及参数游标,为空战决策、空战仿真模拟训练和提高作战效能奠定了基础。

     

  • 图 1  飞机照片逆透视变换

    Figure 1.  Inverse perspective conversion in airplane photos

    图 2  花瓶的三维重建及误差分析

    Figure 2.  Three-dimensional reconstruction and error analysis of vase

    图 3  飞机机头锥的重建过程

    Figure 3.  Reconstruction process of aircraft nose cones

    图 4  整机线框模型与渲染效果

    Figure 4.  Machine wireframe model and rendering effect

    图 5  网格划分

    Figure 5.  Mesh generation

    图 6  不同网格数的网格划分

    Figure 6.  Mesh generation with different mesh quantities

    图 7  模型算例验证

    Figure 7.  Verification of model examples

    图 8  飞机纵向气动特性

    Figure 8.  Longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of aircraft

    图 9  机动动作库设计流程

    Figure 9.  Maneuver movements library design process

    图 10  小角度俯冲理论控制模型

    Figure 10.  Small-angle diving theory control model

    图 11  小角度俯冲可用控制量随时间变化

    Figure 11.  Variation of controllable small-angle diving with time

    图 12  限制环节修正流程

    Figure 12.  Limit link correction process

    图 13  模型初始化

    Figure 13.  Model initialization

    图 14  部分机动动作可视化演示

    Figure 14.  Visual demonstration of partial maneuver movements

    图 15  参数游标演示

    Figure 15.  Parameter cursor demonstration

    表  1  不同网格数下升力系数和阻力系数计算结果

    Table  1.   Calculation results of lift coefficient and drag coefficient with different mesh quantities

    网格分类 网格数/104 CL CD
    粗网格 483 5.241 4×10-1 7.591 9×10-2
    中网格 922 5.235 6×10-1 7.612 7×10-2
    细网格 1 473 5.224 3×10-1 7.754 8×10-2
    方差 5.041 5×10-7 5.240 1×10-7
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] 朱可钦, 董彦非. 空战机动动作库设计方式研究[J]. 航空计算技术, 2001, 31(4): 50-52. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HKJJ200104014.htm

    ZHU K Q, DONG Y F. Study on the design of air combat maneuver library[J]. Aeronautical Computing Technique, 2001, 31(4): 50-52(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HKJJ200104014.htm
    [2] 梁鸿飞, 范广才, 董彦非. 空战战法训练系统目标机飞行轨迹实现[J]. 计算机仿真, 2005, 22(12): 32-34. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSJZ200512011.htm

    LIANG H F, FAN G C, DONG Y F. Generation of target aircraft's flight track in air combat plan simulation[J]. Computer Simulation, 2005, 22(12): 32-34(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSJZ200512011.htm
    [3] 程泉, 李嘉林, 胡孟权. 空战训练模拟系统目标敌机生成问题的研究[J]. 计算机测量与控制, 2006, 14(12): 1663-1664. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JZCK200612025.htm

    CHENG Q, LI J L, HU M Q. Research of target drone for air war training simulation system[J]. Computer Measurement & Control, 2006, 14(12): 1663-1664(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JZCK200612025.htm
    [4] 刘雪松. X-51A高超声速飞行器三维重建及气动/隐身特性分析[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2015: 10-28.

    LIU X S. Three-dimensional reconstruction and analysis of aerodynamic and stealth characteristic of X-51A hypersonic vehicle[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015: 10-28(in Chinese).
    [5] HORN B K P. Shape from shading: A method for obtaining the shape of a smooth opaque object from one view[D]. Boston: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1970.
    [6] VOGEL O, BREUB M, WEICKERT J. Perspective shape from shading with non-Lambertian reflectance[C]//Proceedings of DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition. Berlin: Springer, 2008: 517-526.
    [7] TANKUS A, SOCHEN N, YESHURUN Y. Shape-from-shading under perspective projection[J]. International Journal of Computer Vision 2005, 63(1): 21-43. doi: 10.1007/s11263-005-4945-6
    [8] 曾蔚, 王汇源, 刘莹奇, 等. 基于IR-SFS算法空间目标红外影像3D重建[J]. 中国光学, 2014, 7(3): 376-388. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGA201403005.htm

    ZENG W, WANG H Y, LIU Y Q, et al. 3D reconstruction of space target IR image based on IR-SFS algorithm[J]. Chinese Optics, 2014, 7(3): 376-388(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGA201403005.htm
    [9] GUPTA S K, SHUKLA D P. Application of drone for landslide mapping, dimension estimation and its 3D reconstruction[J]. Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing, 2018, 46(3): 1-12. doi: 10.1007/s12524-017-0727-1
    [10] 昂海松, 于志伟. 以遮挡边界为判据的透视曲面体图像的三维重建方法[J]. 模式识别与人工智能, 1998, 11(3): 266-273. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MSSB199803003.htm

    ANG H S, YU Z W. 3D reconstruction of perspective curve surface objects with the criterion of occluding boundary from image[J]. Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, 1998, 11(3): 266-273(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MSSB199803003.htm
    [11] 昂海松, 黄志刚, 陈杰. 未知摄影参数图象的三维特征逆变换[J]. 计算机应用与软件, 1996(5): 23-28. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JYRJ199605003.htm

    ANG H S, HANG Z G, CHEN J. 3D solid configuration reproduction from unknown parameter perspective image[J]. Computer Applications and Software, 1996(5): 23-28(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JYRJ199605003.htm
    [12] 昂海松. 任意曲线透视投影的逆变换[J]. 工程图学学报, 1995(2): 38-45. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCTX502.006.htm

    ANG H S. Inverse transform if arbitrary perspective projectioned curves[J]. Journal of Graphics, 1995(2): 38-45(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GCTX502.006.htm
    [13] 昂海松, 于志伟. 复杂外形实体图像的三维重建[J]. 模式识别与人工智能, 1994, 7(4): 277-284. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MSSB199404002.htm

    ANG H S, YU Z W. 3-D object reconstruction of composed configuration from its images[J]. Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, 1994, 7(4): 277-284(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-MSSB199404002.htm
    [14] 王翔. 三维重建技术研究及其在飞行器外形设计中的应用[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2010.

    WANG X. Research on 3D reconstruction technology and its application in the aircraft lofting[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010(in Chinese).
    [15] 廖炎平, 刘莉, 王嘉博. 无人机外形参数化建模及CATIA二次开发[J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2011, 31(5): 68-71. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DJZD201105019.htm

    LIAO Y P, LIU L, WANG J B. Parameterization modeling of UAV configuration using API in CATIA[J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance, 2011, 31(5): 68-71(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DJZD201105019.htm
    [16] 王黎明. 基于CATIA CAA的飞行器参数化三维外形设计及三维重建[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2014.

    WANG L M. Three-dimensional reconstruction and parametric design of aircraft configuration based on CATIA CAA[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014(in Chinese).
    [17] 钟友武, 柳嘉润, 杨凌宇, 等. 自主近距空战中机动动作库及其综合控制系统[J]. 航空学报, 2008, 29(S1): 114-121. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HKXB2008S1018.htm

    ZHONG Y W, LIU J R, YANG L Y, et al. Maneuver library and integrated control system for autonomous close-in air combat[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2008, 29(S1): 114-121(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HKXB2008S1018.htm
    [18] SHAW R L. Fighter combat-tactics and maneuvering[M]. Annapolis: The United States Naval Institute Press, 1985: 139-141.
    [19] QUÉAU Y, MÉLOU J, CASTAN F, et al. A variational approach to shape-from-shading under natural illumination[C]//Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Berlin: Springer, 2017: 342-357.
    [20] 李介古. 计算机视觉的理论和实践[M]. 2版. 上海: 上海交通大学出版社, 1991: 30-37.

    LI J G. Theory and practice of computer vision[M]. 2nd ed. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University Press, 1991: 30-37(in Chinese).
    [21] 龚洁晖, 张慧. 基于工程图的三维重建研究[J]. 软件学报, 2008, 19(7): 1794-1805. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RJXB200807024.htm

    GONG J H, ZHANG H. Research on solid reconstruction from engineering drawings[J]. Journal of Software, 2008, 19(7): 1794-1805(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-RJXB200807024.htm
    [22] 石岚峰, 邹北骥. 基于工程图三维重建中的预处理与信息提取技术研究[J]. 计算机应用研究, 2007, 24(4): 161-165. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSYJ200704046.htm

    SHI L F, ZOU B J. Research on pre-processing and information extracting for 3D reconstruction from engineering drawings[J]. Application Research of Computers, 2007, 24(4): 161-165(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JSYJ200704046.htm
    [23] 于冲, 王旭, 董福安, 等. y+值对翼型气动参数计算精度的影响研究[J]. 空军工程大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 13(3): 25-29. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KJGC201203007.htm

    YU C, WANG X, DONG F A, et al. The study of effect of y+ on precision of pneumatic parameters of foil[J]. Journal of Air Force Engineering University(Natural Science Edition), 2012, 13(3): 25-29(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KJGC201203007.htm
    [24] TINOCO E N, BRODERSEN O P, KEYE S, et al. Summary of data from the sixth AIAACFD drag pre diction workshop: CRM cases 2 to 5: AIAA 2017-1208[R]. Reston: AIAA, 2017.
    [25] 魏扬, 张登成, 赵保明, 等. 基于试飞数据的飞行模拟器气动模型校核[J]. 飞行力学, 2017, 35(1): 84-88. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FHLX201701020.htm

    WEI Y, ZHANG D C, ZHAO B M, et al. Flight simulator aerodynamic model calibration based on flight test data[J]. Flight Dynamics, 2017, 35(1): 84-88(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FHLX201701020.htm
    [26] 刘瑛, 李敏强, 张瑞峰. 复杂机动动作最优航迹控制模型及操纵特性分析[J]. 控制理论与应用, 2014, 31(5): 566-576. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KZLY201405003.htm

    LIU Y, LI M Q, ZHANG R F. The optimal trajectory control model of the aircraft maneuver and its operation characteristics[J]. Control Theory & Applications, 2014, 31(5): 566-576(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KZLY201405003.htm
    [27] 刘勋. 自动空战模拟中的机动决策和控制研究[D]. 西安: 西北工业大学, 2006: 13-15.

    LIU X. Study on maneuver decision and control in automatic air combat simulation[D]. Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2006: 13-15(in Chinese).
    [28] 李嘉林, 胡孟权. 飞机常规机动仿真的过载控制模型设计研究[J]. 飞行力学, 2013, 31(3): 213-216. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FHLX201303005.htm

    LI J L, HU M Q. Research on the design of load control model for aircraft conventional maneuver simulation[J]. Flight Dynamics, 2013, 31(3): 213-216(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FHLX201303005.htm
    [29] 陈廷楠. 飞机飞行性能品质与控制[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2007: 37-39.

    CHEN T N. Aircraft flight performance quality and control[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2007: 37-39(in Chinese).
    [30] 刘昶. 现代战斗机飞行力学问题的研究进展[J]. 飞行力学, 1999, 17(1): 10-16. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FHLX901.001.htm

    LIU C. Development of some flight dynamics problems in modern fighter design[J]. Flight Dynamics, 1999, 17(1): 10-16(in Chinese). https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FHLX901.001.htm
    [31] 徐正军. 高超声速飞行器仿真与性能评估[D]. 西安: 西北工业大学, 2006: 42-43.

    XU Z J. Simulation and performance evaluation of hypersonic cruise vehicle[D]. Xi'an: Northwestern Polytechnical University, 2006: 42-43(in Chinese).
    [32] ZIPFEL P H. 航空航天飞行器动力学建模与仿真[M]. 3版. 高亚奎, 郭圣洪, 辛长范, 等, 译. 北京: 航空工业出版社, 2017: 60-61.

    ZIPFEL P H. Modeling and simulation of aerospace vehicle dynamics[M]. 3rd ed. GAO Y K, GUO S H, XIN C F, et al, translated. Beijing: Aviation Industry Press, 2017: 60-61(in Chinese).
  • 加载中
图(15) / 表(1)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  575
  • HTML全文浏览量:  49
  • PDF下载量:  102
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-04-23
  • 录用日期:  2020-06-13
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-06-20

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回
    常见问答