基于蛇形通道的电池组液冷方案设计与优化

王明悦; 林家源; 刘新华; 张金刚; 闫啸宇; 杨世春

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0514

基于蛇形通道的电池组液冷方案设计与优化

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0514

1.
北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院, 北京 100083
2.
中国运载火箭技术研究院, 北京 100076

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划 2016YFB0100300

国家自然科学基金 U1864213

详细信息

通讯作者:
杨世春, E-mail: yangshichun@buaa.edu.cn

中图分类号: U469.72
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- 文章访问数: 534
- HTML全文浏览量: 164
- PDF下载量: 53
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-11
- 录用日期: 2020-10-23
- 网络出版日期: 2022-01-20

Design and optimization of battery pack liquid cooling scheme based on serpentine channel

1.
School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
2.
China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China

Funds:

National Key R & D Program of China 2016YFB0100300

National Natural Science Foundation of China U1864213

More Information

Corresponding author: YANG Shichun, E-mail: yangshichun@buaa.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
相较于传统汽车，电动汽车在大力发展新能源的背景下具有良好的应用前景。电池作为电动汽车的动力源之一，其输出性能极易受到温度的影响，电池热管理系统对控制电池工作温度、延长电池组寿命、保障电动汽车安全稳定行驶等都具有重要意义。针对动力电池在工作过程中因自身温度过高而产生不利影响的现象，先分析了电池的生热特性。然后，提出了一套基于蛇形通道的液体冷却热管理方案并进行优化。最后，温度场仿真结果表明：优化后的液冷结构对电池组的工作环境有显著影响，高温工况下能够使电池工作在最佳温度范围20 35℃之内，同时满足电池组内温差小于10℃的要求。
- 电动汽车 /
- 锂离子电池 /
- 热管理系统 /
- 液体冷却 /
- 蛇形通道
Abstract:
Compared with traditional vehicles, electric vehicles have a broad application prospect under the background of rapid development of new energy. As one of the power sources of electric vehicles, the performance of battery is easily affected by temperature. Battery thermal management system, which can control its working temperature, is of great significance to extend battery service time and ensure the safety and stability of electric vehicles. Aimed at the phenomenon that the temperature of power battery itself is too high, the heat generation characteristics of the battery are analyzed firstly, and then a set of liquid cooling thermal management scheme based on serpentine channel is proposed and optimized. Finally, the simulation results in temperature field show that the optimized liquid cooling structure has an obvious impact on the working environment of the battery pack. Especially under the high temperature condition, the battery can work in the optimal temperature range of 20℃-35℃, and meet the requirement that the temperature difference within the battery pack is less than 10℃.
- electric vehicle /
- lithium-ion battery /
- thermal management system /
- liquid cooling /
- serpentine channel

HTML全文

图 1 电池模组结构

Figure 1. Structure of battery module

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图 2 冷却液流动通道

Figure 2. Coolant flow channel

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图 3 电池组液冷结构网格模型

Figure 3. Grid model of battery pack liquid cooling structure

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图 4 无冷却结构电池组特征温度

Figure 4. Characteristic temperature of battery pack without cooling structure

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图 5 初始温度25℃、1 C放电工况

Figure 5. 1 C discharge condition at initial temperature 25℃

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图 6 电池组最高温度和温差

Figure 6. Maximum temperature and temperature difference of battery pack

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图 7 高温工况液冷散热电池组温度云图

Figure 7. Temperature contour of liquid cooling battery pack under high temperature condition

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图 8 冷却液流道优化结构

Figure 8. Optimized structure of coolant flow channel

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图 9 不同结构、策略条件下电池组特征温度对比

Figure 9. Comparison of battery pack characteristic temperature under different structures and strategies

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图 10 优化方案高温工况电池组温度云图

Figure 10. Temperature contour of battery pack under high temperature condition in optimized scheme

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表 1 材料热物性参数

Table 1. Thermophysical parameters of material

参数	单体电池	冷却液流道
密度/(kg·m^-3)	2 721	2 710
比热容/(J·(kg·K)^-1)	865	904
导热系数/(W·(m·K)^-1)	k_r=2.37k_φ=k_z=20.3	222

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表 2 优化方案高温工况电池组特征温度

Table 2. Characteristic temperature of battery pack under high temperature condition in optimized scheme

放电倍率/C	单支流道流量/(kg·s^-1)	模组最高温度/℃	模组平均温度/℃	模组温差/℃	冷却液出口平均温度/℃
1	0.015	23.138	21.244	3.121	21.016
1.5	0.015	25.221	22.069	5.194	21.681
2	0.015	27.804	23.095	7.764	22.506
2	0.06	25.904	21.853	5.904	20.351
2.5	0.015	30.891	24.321	10.835	23.491
2.5	0.06	27.905	22.973	7.769	21.839

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