移动机器人自主动态避障方法

张贺; 缪存孝; 唐友军; 闫晓强; 时彦洋; 余远金

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0727

移动机器人自主动态避障方法

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0727

1.
北京科技大学机械工程学院, 北京 100083
2.
北京理工大学自动化学院, 北京 100081

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划 2018YFC0810500

国家自然科学基金 60277005

北京理工大学青年教师学术启动计划 2020CX04104

详细信息

通讯作者:
缪存孝, E-mail: miaocx@ustb.edu.cn

中图分类号: TP242.6
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- 文章访问数: 350
- HTML全文浏览量: 87
- PDF下载量: 43
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-02
- 录用日期: 2021-04-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-20
- 整期出版日期: 2022-06-20

Dynamic obstacle avoidance method for mobile robots

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.
School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Funds:

National Key R & D Program of China 2018YFC0810500

National Natural Science Foundation of China 60277005

Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars 2020CX04104

More Information

Corresponding author: MIAO Cunxiao, E-mail: miaocx@ustb.edu.cn

摘要

摘要:
针对基于水流场的全向移动机器人动态避障过程中可能出现的避障失效和避障路径过长问题, 提出了一种基于速度斥力场改进人工势场方法的全向移动机器人自主动态避障方法。详细分析基于水流场改进的人工势场法在动态避障过程中存在的移动机器人从障碍物前方绕过而引起的避障路径过长或避障失效问题；在基于水流场的人工势场避障方法中, 根据移动机器人和动态障碍物的相对速度, 引入速度斥力场, 使得移动机器人从动态障碍物的后方通过, 实现全向移动机器人的安全自主动态避障。通过仿真和室内避障实验, 验证了所提自主动态避障方法的有效性和实用性。
- 移动机器人 /
- 人工势场 /
- 水流场 /
- 速度斥力场 /
- 动态避障
Abstract:
This paper proposes an autonomous dynamic obstacle avoidance method for omnidirectional mobile robot by introducing velocity repulsion field to solve the existing problems, an improvement from water flow field based artificial potential field obstacle avoidance method. This paper presents a detailed analysis of problems of artificial potential field improved by water flow field, such as a too long avoidance path or avoidance failure caused by the mobile robot moving in front of the obstacles. To solve the above problems, the velocity repulsion field, in line with the relative velocity of the mobile robot and the dynamic obstacle, is introduced in artificial potential field obstacle avoidance method based on water flow field. With the omni-directional mobile robot moving in rear of the obstacles, a safe and autonomous dynamic obstacle avoidance is fully realized. The effectiveness and practicability of the autonomous dynamic obstacle avoidance algorithm are verified through simulation and indoor obstacle avoidance experiment.
- mobile robot /
- artificial potential field /
- water flow field /
- velocity repulsion field /
- dynamic obstacle avoidance

HTML全文

图 1 障碍物位置与水流斥力场方向的关系

Figure 1. Relation between position of obstacles and direction of repulsive force in flow field

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图 2 力和运动示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of force and motion

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图 3 速度斥力场示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of velocity repulsion field

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图 4 移动机器人在合力势场中的受力示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of forces on mobile robot in resultant force potential field

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图 5 方案A关键时刻仿真曲线

Figure 5. Key moments simulation curves of Plan A

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图 6 方案B关键时刻仿真曲线

Figure 6. Key moments simulation curves of Plan B

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图 7 移动机器人在方案A中的仿真受力

Figure 7. Force diagram during simulation of Plan A of mobile robot

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图 8 移动机器人在方案B中的仿真受力

Figure 8. Force diagram during simulation of Plan B of mobile robot

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图 9 实验平台

Figure 9. Experiment platform

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图 10 方案A关键时刻实验示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of experiment results at key moments of Plan A

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图 11 方案B关键时刻实验示意图

Figure 11. Schematic diagram of experiment results at key moments of Plan B

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图 12 移动机器人在方案A中的实验受力

Figure 12. Force diagram during experiment of Plan A of mobile robot

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图 13 移动机器人在方案B中的实验受力

Figure 13. Force diagram during experiment of Plan B of mobile robot

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表 1 算法参数

Table 1. Algorithm parameters

参数	数值
引力系数K_att	10
斥力系数K_rep	30
速度斥力场系数K_v	40
待优化参数n	2
速度斥力场影响半径ρ_obv	1.5

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表 2 仿真对比

Table 2. Simulation comparison

参数	方案A	方案B
路径长度	32.8	29.6
仿真运行时间/s	16.4	14.8

下载: 导出CSV

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