Characterization on axial thermal conductivity of carbon fiber and its influence factors
-
摘要:
对比分析了采用碳纤维集束和基于单向复合材料的碳纤维轴向导热性能测试方法的差异性，研究了纤维体积分数、试样厚度等对导热测试的影响，分析了聚丙烯腈基高强型、高模型碳纤维和中间相沥青基碳纤维对该测试方法的适用性，考察了碳纤维轴向导热性能与其结构关联规律。结果表明，由于纤维向树脂的传热作用，单向复合材料试样比碳纤维集束试样具有更低的热扩散系数，采用碳纤维集束试样可获得准确的纤维导热系数，而基于单向复合材料计算得到的纤维导热系数偏高。纤维体积分数越高、试样厚度越大，基于单向复合材料计算得到的碳碳纤维导热系数越大；采用碳纤维集束试样测试碳纤维导热系数时，碳纤维体积分数变化对碳纤维热扩散系数、导热系数测试结果影响不大。中间相沥青基碳纤维、高模型碳纤维、高强型碳纤维导热系数依次降低，晶面间距越小、晶粒尺寸越大，碳纤维导热系数越高。研究结果对准确表征碳纤维导热性能、设计高导热复合材料具有重要指导意义。
Abstract:Two measurement methods for carbon fiber's axial thermal conductivity are compared, which use fiber bundle and unidirectional fiber reinforced composite samples, respectively. The influence of fiber volume fraction and sample thickness on the measurement was discussed. The applicability of the method based on fiber bundle was investigated by testing polyacrylonitrile-based high-strength and high-modulus carbon fibers, and mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber. The relationship between thermal conductivity and microstructure was further discussed. The results indicate that unidirectional composite shows lower axial thermal diffusivity than fiber bundle sample due to the thermal conduction between fiber and polymer matrix in composite. Accurate thermal conductivity can be obtained by using fiber bundle sample, while unidirectional composite sample yields bigger thermal conductivity. For the measurement with unidirectional composite, the calculated thermal conductivity increases with the increase of fiber volume fraction and sample thickness. On the contrary, fiber bundle samples result in stable thermal conductivity which is not affected by fiber volume fraction. Moreover, the thermal conductivity increases in the order of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber, high-modulus and high-strength carbon fiber. Lower lattice spacing and larger crystallite size leads to bigger thermal conductivity. These results may contribute to the accurate characterization on axial thermal conductivity of carbon fiber and the structural design of highly thermal conductive fiber composite.
-
图 1 用于导热系数测试的碳纤维集束试样及其复合材料形貌
Figure 1. Morphology of carbon fiber bundle sample and its composite for thermal conductivity measurement
图 2 不同纤维体积分数和试样厚度单向复合材料热扩散系数与导热系数及计算的碳纤维导热系数
Figure 2. Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of unidirectional composite and calculated thermal conductivity of carbon fiber under different fiber volume fraction and sample thickness
图 3 不同碳纤维体积分数和试样厚度碳纤维集束热扩散系数与导热系数及计算的碳纤维导热系数
Figure 3. Thermal diffusivity and conductivity of fiber bundle and calculated thermal conductivity of carbon fiber under different fiber volume fraction and sample thickness
图 4 单向复合材料与碳纤维集束试样上表面温升信号与时间关系曲线
Figure 4. Upper surface temperature rise signal versus time curves for unidirectional composite and carbon fiber bundle
图 5 典型的聚丙烯腈基和中间相沥青基碳纤维的热扩散系数和导热系数
Figure 5. Thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity of typical PAN-based and mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers
图 6 M55J和XN-90-60S碳纤维集束试样上表面温升信号与时间关系曲线
Figure 6. Upper surface temperature rise signal versus time curves for M55J and XN-90-60S carbon fiber bundle
图 7 典型的聚丙烯腈基和中间相沥青基碳纤维截面形貌
Figure 7. Cross-sectional morphology of typical PAN-based and mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers
表 1 XRD测试的5种碳纤维微结构参数
Table 1. Microstructural parameters of five carbon fibers in XRD test
碳纤维类型 d002/nm Lc/nm T700 0.3548 1.56 T800 0.3473 1.91 M40J 0.3428 3.25 M55J 0.3424 8.31 XN-90-60S 0.3385 14.83 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] DÍAZÁLVAREZ J, OLMEDO A, SANTIUSTE C, et al.Theoretical estimation of thermal effects in drilling of woven carbon fiber composite[J].Materials, 2014, 7(6):4442-4454. doi: 10.3390/ma7064442 [2] DONG K, GU B, SUN B.Comparisons of thermal conductive behaviors of epoxy resin in unidirectional composite materials[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis & Calorimetry, 2015, 124(2):1-15. doi: 10.1007/s10973-015-5197-5 [3] HAN S, CHUNG D D L.Increasing the through-thickness thermal conductivity of carbon fiber polymer-matrix composite by curing pressure increase and filler incorporation[J].Composites Science & Technology, 2011, 71(16):1944-1952. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266353811003381 [4] SCHUSTER J, HEIDER D, SHARP K, et al.Measuring and modeling the thermal conductivities of three-dimensionally woven fabric composites[J].Mechanics of Composite Materials, 2009, 45(2):165-174. doi: 10.1007/s11029-009-9072-y [5] DONG K, LIU K, ZHANG Q, et al.Experimental and numerical analyses on the thermal conductive behaviors of carbon fiber/epoxy plain woven composites[J].International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer, 2016, 102:501-517. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263822316313174 [6] VILLIÈRE M, LECOINTE D, SOBOTKA V.Experimental determination and modeling of thermal conductivity tensor of carbon/epoxy composite[J].Composites Part A:Applied Science & Manufacturing, 2012, 504-506(46):60-68. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359835X12003296 [7] ZHANG X, FUJIWARA S, FUJⅡ M.Measurements of thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of a single carbon fiber[J].International Journal of Thermophysics, 2000, 21(4):965-980. doi: 10.1023/A:1006674510648 [8] XIE S, LI W, PAN Z, et al.Mechanical and physical properties on carbon nanotube[J].Journal of Physics & Chemistry of Solids, 2000, 61(7):1153-1158. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022369799003765 [9] YI W, LU L, ZHANG D L, et al.Linear specific heat of carbon nanotubes[J].Physical Review B Condensed Matter, 1999, 59(14):R9015. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.59.R9015 [10] ZHANG X, XIE H, FUJⅡ M, et al.Thermal and electrical conductivity of a suspended platinum nanofilm[J].Applied Physics Letters, 2005, 86(17):171912-1-171912-3. doi: 10.1063/1.1921350 [11] 胡玉东, 刘锦辉, 王海东, 等.拉曼方法同时测量单根碳纤维热物性和对流传热系数[J].化工学报, 2014, 65(S1):251-257. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HGSZ2014S1041.htmHU Y D, LIU J H, WANG H D, et al.Simutaneous measurement of thermal properties and convective heat transfer coefficeient of individual carbon fiber using Raman spectroscopy[J].CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(S1):251-257(in Chinese). http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HGSZ2014S1041.htm [12] WANG H D, LIU J H, ZHANG X, et al.Raman measurements of optical absorption and heat transfer coefficients of a single carbon fiber in atmosphere environment[J].International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer, 2014, 70(2):40-45. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0017931013009149 [13] 何凤梅, 李仲平, 冯志海, 等.PAN碳纤维高温热传输性能表征[J].中国材料进展, 2013, 32(4):236-241. http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJKB201304010.htmHE F M, LI Z P, FENG Z H, et al.Evaluation of thermal-transmission properties of PAN carbon fiber at hightemperature[J].Materials China, 2013, 32(4):236-241(in Chinese). http://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJKB201304010.htm [14] ALWAY-COOPER R M, THEODORE M, ANDERSON D P, et al.Transient heat flow in unidirectional fiber-polymer composites during laser flash analysis:Experimental measurements and finite element modeling[J].Journal of Composite Materials, 2012, 47(19):2399-2411. doi: 10.1177/0021998312458130 [15] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 闪光法测量热扩散系数或导热系数: GB/T 22588-2008[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2009: 9-10.General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.Determination of thermal diffusivity or thermal conductivity by the flash method:GB/T 22588-2008[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China, 2009:9-10(in Chinese). [16] PILLING M W, YATES B, BLACK M A, et al.The thermal conductivity of carbon fibre-reinforced composites[J].Journal of Materials Science, 1979, 14(6):1326-1338. doi: 10.1007/BF00549304 -
下载:
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 846
- HTML全文浏览量: 62
- PDF下载量: 540
- 被引次数: 0
