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摘要:
颗粒冲击材料现象广泛存在于自然界以及工业领域中。应用实验测量与数值计算相结合的方法研究了颗粒射流冲击材料（304不锈钢）的磨损行为。考虑了颗粒粒径、运动轨迹、颗粒-壁面撞击点分布以及所导致材料物相结构变化。实验测试包括材料质量损耗、材料元素X射线衍射（XRD）分析、表面微观结构扫描电镜（SEM）观察。对相应的颗粒射流冲击材料行为进行了数值计算，获得流场，颗粒场以及相应材料磨损。结果表明：颗粒射流冲击下颗粒运动轨迹与撞击点的分布不同，造成了材料样品表面磨损区域明显不同。颗粒-壁面碰撞不仅会导致材料损失而且会造成材料物相结构的变化。
Abstract:Particle-material impact is popular in the nature and industries. In this work, experimental measurement and numerical calculation were carried out to investigate the particle impinging jet effect on the behaviour of material (304 stainless steel). Herein, particle diameter, particle tracking trajectories, particle-wall collision point distribution were considered to study material loss and the phase change of material structure. In the experimental work, the measurements were carried out for material mass loss, material element X-ray diffractometry (XRD) analysis, surface micro-structure scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation and so on. In addition, the behaviour of particle impinging jet impact on wall material was studied by numerical simulations. Particularly, flow fields, particle trajectories and wall material loss were obtained. The results show that particle collision point distribution is quite different from their tracking trajectories under particle impinging jet impact, which causes the wear zones on sample surface different from each other obviously. It is concluded that particle-wall impact will not only lead to material loss but also cause the phase change of material structure.
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Key words:
- particle /
- impinging jet /
- wear /
- numerical simulation /
- experiment research
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图 3 304不锈钢质量磨损随冲蚀时间变化
Figure 3. Variation of 304 stainless steel mass loss with erosion time
图 5 数值计算的颗粒轨迹分布
Figure 5. Numerical calculation of particle tracking trajectories distribution
图 6 颗粒-壁面碰撞点(数值计算)分布及对应冲蚀后样品磨损分区
Figure 6. Distribution diagram of particle-wall collision point (numerical calculation) and partition of tested sample wear after washout
图 7 数值计算颗粒-壁面撞击点分布
Figure 7. Numerical calculation of particle-wall collision point distribution
图 8 初始抛光状态以及冲蚀21 h后304不锈钢XRD测试的比较
Figure 8. Comparison of 304 stainless steel XRD measurement between original polish and washout after 21 h
表 1 304不锈钢化学成分
Table 1. Chemical composition of 304 stainless steel
成份 C Si Mn P S N Cr Ni Fe 质量分数/% 约0.024 约0.550 约1.800 约0.030 约0.001 约0.049 约18.200 约8.200 剩余 
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表 2 石英砂不同时间段的粒径分布
Table 2. Particle size distribution with different time period
冲蚀
时间/h颗粒粒径质量分数/% 粒径
50~60目粒径
60~70目粒径
70~80目粒径
>80目0 100 0 0 0 12 36.3 45.8 10.9 7 48 25.6 29.8 32.5 12.1
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