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摘要:
逃逸复飞特性对于确定舰载机的进舰速度、航母航速与着舰海况等级限制等均具有重要的影响。根据逃逸复飞的任务要求，提出了离舰滑跑距离、逃逸复飞段最大迎角相对进舰配平迎角的增量和着舰时的俯仰角作为安全性评定的3个参数。建立了数字飞行员模型，基于数字虚拟飞行仿真计算的方法，获得了满足逃逸复飞安全要求的参数适配包线。研究结果表明：在每一确定的着舰重量下，均对应存在一个最佳的进舰速度范围，能够使舰载机逃逸复飞的离舰滑跑距离最短；逃逸复飞段最大迎角相对进舰配平迎角的增量、着舰时舰载机的俯仰角分别决定了进舰速度大小的上、下边界；舰载机重心位置变化将使参数适配包线的边界位置和范围发生改变，但边界形状基本不变；航母航速减小将显著地缩小参数适配包线；适配包线内每一点的逃逸复飞成功率，可以为不同海况等级下的逃逸复飞安全性判断提供参考。
Abstract:The bolter characteristics have significant effect on the approach airspeed determination of a carrier-based aircraft, the grade limits of ship speed and sea state during carrier landing. Three parameters are proposed as the safety indexes according to the bolter task requirements. They are taxing distance of the bolter, angle of attack angle of attack increment (the peak angle of attack during bolter minus the approach angle of attack), and pitch angle of touchdown. Numerical pilot model is formulated, and the parameter suitability envelope which satisfies the bolter safety requirements is obtained based on the digital virtual flight testing method. The results show that, for each landing weight, there is a best approach airspeed range to minimize the bolter taxing distance. The angle of attack increment and the pitch angle of touchdown respectively determine the upper and lower boundary of approach airspeed. Movement of the center of gravity will change the position and range of the parameter suitability envelope, but the envelope shape is nearly unchanged. Reducing the ship speed will narrow the parameter suitability envelope. The success rate corresponding to each point in the parameter suitability envelope provides a reference for the bolter safety judgment under different grades of sea state.
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Key words:
- carrier-based aircraft /
- bolter /
- suitability envelope /
- simulation model /
- deck motion
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图 1 逃逸复飞过程及安全性评定参数示意
Figure 1. Illustration of bolter process and its safety evaluation parameters
图 5 不同着舰重量和进舰速度下的逃逸复飞性能
Figure 5. Bolter performance with different landing weights and approach velocities
图 7 不同重心位置时的仿真曲线
Figure 7. Simulation curves with different positions of center of gravity
图 8 重心位置对参数适配包线的影响
Figure 8. Effect of position of center of gravity on parameter suitability envelope
图 9 航母航速对参数适配包线的影响
Figure 9. Effect of carrier velocity on parameter suitability envelope
表 1 不同海况等级下的甲板运动建模数据
Table 1. Modeling data of deck motion under different sea states
参数 4级海况 6级海况 垂荡位移幅值/m 0.68 1.63 横摇角幅值/(°) 0.62 1.45 纵摇角幅值/(°) 0.52 1.24 垂荡频率/(rad·s-1) 0.35 0.35 横摇频率/(rad·s-1) 0.29 0.29 纵摇频率/(rad·s-1) 0.52 0.52 
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