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摘要:
机电产品在使用过程中，存在磨损退化失效和环境引起的冲击失效。通常认为自身退化与冲击失效是相互独立的或存在冲击造成自身退化突增的局部关联现象。本文考虑冲击会影响退化过程，同时退化也会影响冲击，当自身退化量达到一定值后不仅会影响冲击失效的失效率，还会使产品冲击失效阈值降低，造成产品的抗冲击能力下降，使产品的冲击失效过程呈现两阶段现象，在自身退化与冲击失效相互关联相互竞争的情况下，建立了失效率与失效阈值改变的可靠性模型，解决了传统竞争退化建模考虑因素不完整的问题。
Abstract:During the use of mechanical and electrical products, there are degradation failures and shock failures caused by the environment. It is often considered that self-degeneration and impact failure are independent of each other, or there is an incomplete phenomenon of the correlation, that is, the impact of the shock results in a sudden increase in self-degeneration. Considering that the impact will affect the degradation process, at the same time, the degradation will also affect the impact. When the amount of self-degradation reaches a certain value, it will not only affect the failure rate of impact failure, but also reduce the impact failure threshold of the product. As a result, the impact resistance of the product is reduced, and the impact failure process of the product shows a two-stage phenomenon. in the case of self-degeneration and shock failure, which is related and competitive, a reliability model for changing the failure rate and failure threshold has been established, which solves the problem of the incompleteness of the traditional competition model.
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图 7 独立竞争失效模型可靠性与时间关系
Figure 7. Relationship between reliability and time of independent competition failure model
图 8 退化影响冲击失效率竞争与独立竞争可靠性对比
Figure 8. Comparison of reliability between competition with degradation impacting shock failure rate and independent competition
图 9 变阈值相互关联竞争模型可靠性与时间关系
Figure 9. Relationship between reliability and time of variable threshold correlative and competitive model
图 10 不同情形下可靠性与时间关系对比
Figure 10. Relationship between reliability and time in different situations
表 1 某型电机可靠性分析参数
Table 1. Reliability analysis parameters for a certain type of motor
参数 数值 D/μm3 0.5 D1/GPa 1.55 D2/GPa 1.4 μZ 1×10-4 σZ 2×10-5 μw 1.2 σw 0.2 H/μm3 7×10-4 λ/转 5×10-5 μβ 2.59×10-5 σβ 2.29×10-5 
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