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民机客舱布局工效学量化设计模型

陈浩 庞丽萍 完颜笑如 方玉峰 郭司南 闵雨晨

陈浩, 庞丽萍, 完颜笑如, 等 . 民机客舱布局工效学量化设计模型[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2020, 46(12): 2217-2226. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2019.0623
引用本文: 陈浩, 庞丽萍, 完颜笑如, 等 . 民机客舱布局工效学量化设计模型[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2020, 46(12): 2217-2226. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2019.0623
CHEN Hao, PANG Liping, WANYAN Xiaoru, et al. Quantitative design model of civil aircraft cabin layout for ergonomics[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020, 46(12): 2217-2226. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2019.0623(in Chinese)
Citation: CHEN Hao, PANG Liping, WANYAN Xiaoru, et al. Quantitative design model of civil aircraft cabin layout for ergonomics[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2020, 46(12): 2217-2226. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2019.0623(in Chinese)

民机客舱布局工效学量化设计模型

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2019.0623
基金项目: 

工业和信息化部民用飞机专项科研 MJ-2015-F-018

详细信息
    作者简介:

    陈浩  男,博士研究生。主要研究方向:航空人机工效

    庞丽萍  女,博士,教授,博士生导师。主要研究方向:飞行器环境控制、航空人机工效

    完颜笑如  女,博士,讲师,硕士生导师。主要研究方向:航空人机工效

    通讯作者:

    完颜笑如, E-mail: wanyanxiaoru@buaa.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: V223+.2;TB18

Quantitative design model of civil aircraft cabin layout for ergonomics

Funds: 

Special Research for Civil Aircraft MJ-2015-F-018

More Information
  • 摘要:

    为提升客舱布局设计效率及面向民机客舱快速仿真设计系统提供技术支撑,提出了一种民机客舱布局量化设计模型。该模型面向工效学设计需求,以座椅排距、座椅排数、各级客舱舱段长度等作为设计变量,构造了舒适性、安全性、经济性三类目标函数,实现了客舱边界限制、人机空间耦合关系、适航安全性要求等约束条件的量化描述。分别以双通道宽体干线客机、单通道窄体干线客机和支线客机为应用算例,对所提模型的可用性进行了计算验证。结果表明:所提模型可适用于多种机型的客舱布局设计,能够提供多个满足舒适性、安全性、经济性等多样化工效学设计指标的量化设计方案,并可给出各类指标进一步的优化途径。所提模型在一定程度上实现了民机客舱布局量化设计,为概念设计阶段客舱布局快速设计和多方案比较提供了一种新的方法,同时也可作为航空公司客舱布局选型的定量化辅助决策工具。

     

  • 图 1  民机客舱分级结构示意图

    Figure 1.  Schematic diagram of civil aircraft cabin classified structure

    图 2  民机商务舱座椅常见3种布置

    Figure 2.  Three common layouts of business-class seats in civil aircraft

    图 3  三种算例Pareto前沿

    Figure 3.  Pareto front of three examples

    图 4  Pareto图:双通道宽体干线客机商务舱座椅排数最优备选方案

    Figure 4.  Pareto chart: optimal alternatives of business-class seat row number for dual-aisle wide-body airliner

    图 5  三种算例客舱布局最优设计方案

    Figure 5.  Optimal design schemes of cabin layout for three examples

    图 6  双通道宽体干线客机算例设计变量对设计目标重要度分析

    Figure 6.  Analysis of variables importance to design objectives for dual-aisle wide-body airliner example

    表  1  民机客舱布局量化设计模型常量

    Table  1.   Constants of civil aircraft cabin layout quantitative design model

    符号 含义
    L 舱段长度
    W 舱段宽度
    H 舱段高度
    L0 厨房盥洗室典型尺寸
    Lp 旅客过道宽度
    l0 人体身高
    lft 人体足长
    lba 婴儿摇篮空间长度
    φmax 椅背最大后倾角
    θ 座椅与纵轴线夹角
    lrh 椅背后倾尺寸
    lr 座椅椅背长度
    lw 座宽
    lch 座深
    lrm 座椅腿部空间长度
    War 座椅扶手宽度
    n1 头等舱每排座椅数
    n2 商务舱每排座椅数
    n3 高级经济舱每排座椅数
    n4 经济舱每排座椅数
    N 客舱过道数量
    u 平均客座率
    P 平均票价
    Q 应急舱门对数
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  三种算例对照机型客舱布置基本信息

    Table  2.   Basic information of cabin layout for airliner types of three examples

    基本信息 双通道宽体干线客机B777-300ER 单通道窄体干线客机B737-800 支线客机MA700
    客舱座级 380 180 70
    剖面布置 商务舱 2-3-2 2-2 2-1
    经济舱 3-4-3 3-3 2-2
    应急舱门(对) 2 1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  三种算例的模型常量及其取值

    Table  3.   Model constants and their values for three examples

    客舱长度L/mm 60 000 35 000 21 820
    客舱宽度W/mm 5 860 3 750 2 681
    客舱高度H/mm 2 591 2 591 1 970
    厨房盥洗室典型尺寸L0/mm 1 016 1 016 1 016
    人体身高l0/mm 1 678 1 678 1 678
    人体足长lft/mm 247 247 247
    婴儿摇篮空间长度lba/mm 850 850 850
    商务椅背最大后倾尺寸lrh, 2/mm 177.8 177.8 177.8
    经济椅背最大后倾尺寸lrh, 4/mm 127 127 127
    商务座椅座深lch, 2/mm 508 508 508
    商务座椅座宽lw, 2/mm 533.4 510 510
    经济座椅座深lch, 4/mm 431.8 431.8 431.8
    经济座椅座宽lw, 4/mm 431.8 440 440
    商务座椅扶手宽度War, 2/mm 101.6 101.6 101.6
    经济座椅扶手宽度War, 4/mm 50.8 50.8 50.8
    商务舱每排座椅数n2 7 4 3
    经济舱每排座椅数n4 10 6 4
    客舱过道数量N 2 1 1
    商务舱平均客座率u2/% 100 100 100
    经济舱平均客座率u4/% 100 100 100
    商务舱平均票价P2/元 2 000 2 000 1 000
    经济舱平均票价P4/元 1 000 1 000 500
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  三种算例对照机型客舱布局最优备选方案

    Table  4.   Optimal alternatives of cabin layout for airliner types of three examples

    座椅布置 双通道宽体干线客机B777-300ER 单通道窄体干线客机B737-800 支线客机MA700
    商务舱座椅排数 0, 2, 3, 1, 7 2, 0, 3, 1 0, 1
    商务舱座椅排距/in 41, 40, 50, 42, 47, 43, 46, 52, 51 51, 66, 55, 53, 52, 54, 59, 49, 44, 50, 48, 42, 57, 60, 47, 46, 40 46, 45, 48, 55, 47, 44, 49, 50, 66, 41, 40, 57, 51, 43, 65, 59, 53
    经济舱座椅排数 23, 30, 22, 34, 29, 21, 26, 27, 40, 24, 25, 33, 28, 20, 32 25, 20, 27, 24, 26, 30, 21, 23, 22, 29, 28, 17 11, 15, 14, 12, 13
    经济舱座椅排距/in 36, 37, 39, 38 45, 44 36
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  三种算例对照机型客舱布局设计优先优化途径

    Table  5.   Prior optimization approach of cabin layout design for airliner types of three examples

    设计指标 双通道宽体干线客机B777-300ER 单通道窄体干线客机B737-800 支线客机MA700
    经济性 商务舱座椅排数(35.1%) 经济舱座椅排数(67.1%) 经济舱座椅排数(34.4%)
    舒适性 经济舱座椅排距(49.9%) 经济舱座椅排距(60.9%) 经济舱座椅排距(49.6%)
    安全性 商务舱座椅排数(40.7%) 经济舱座椅排数(80.6%) 经济舱座椅排数(36.7%)
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2019-12-10
  • 录用日期:  2019-12-29
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-12-20

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