一种自适应GNSS弱信号载噪比估计方法

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0372

北京航空航天大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10): 2068-2074.doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2020.0372

一种自适应GNSS弱信号载噪比估计方法

孙文杰^1,2, 王兆瑞¹, 金声震¹, 艾国祥¹

1. 中国科学院国家天文台, 北京 100101;
2. 中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2020-07-30 发布日期:2021-11-08
通讯作者: 王兆瑞 E-mail:zhaorui_w@nao.cas.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（U1931125，11603041）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFB0501900）

An adaptive carrier-to-noise ratio estimation method for GNSS weak signal

SUN Wenjie^1,2, WANG Zhaorui¹, JIN Shengzhen¹, AI Guoxiang¹

1. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2. School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2020-07-30 Published:2021-11-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）信号的载噪比（CNR）是衡量接收机工作性能的一个重要参数。为了准确得到载噪比估计值，推导并分析了2种常用的GNSS信号载噪比估计方法（方差求和法（VSM）、窄带宽带功率比值法（PRM）），并同时提出一种基于渐消因子容积卡尔曼滤波的自适应载噪比估计方法，比较了3种方法在通常的信号环境下和弱信号环境下的载噪比估计能力。结果显示：在信号较弱环境或信号受到遮挡产生突变等情况时，VSM方法与PRM方法均会产生较大的误差，而自适应载噪比估计方法能准确估计出信号的载噪比。

关键词: 全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)信号, GNSS接收机, 载噪比(CNR)估计, 容积卡尔曼滤波, 渐消因子

Abstract: The Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals is an important parameter to describe GNSS receiver's performance. In this paper, we derive and analyze two commonly used GNSS signal CNR estimation methods:Variance Summing Method (VSM) and Power Ratio Method (PRM). Meanwhile, we propose an adaptive CNR estimation method which is based on fading factor cubature Kalman filter. We compare the three methods to assess the CNR estimation ability in normal and weak signal environment. The results show that, when signal suddenly changes or signal is weak, the VSM and PRM will produce large estimation errors, while the adaptive CNR estimation methods can still accurately estimate the CNR of signal.

Key words: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal, GNSS receiver, Carrier-to-Noise Ratio (CNR) estimation, cubature Kalman filter, fade factor

中图分类号:

孙文杰, 王兆瑞, 金声震, 艾国祥. 一种自适应GNSS弱信号载噪比估计方法[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2021, 47(10): 2068-2074.

SUN Wenjie, WANG Zhaorui, JIN Shengzhen, AI Guoxiang. An adaptive carrier-to-noise ratio estimation method for GNSS weak signal[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2021, 47(10): 2068-2074.

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一种自适应GNSS弱信号载噪比估计方法

An adaptive carrier-to-noise ratio estimation method for GNSS weak signal

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