Abstract: In the context of socialism with Chinese characteristics,prosperity is an important category of social development, which shows a strong awareness of theory, times and value relationship. Derived from the reality, the concept has inevitably become the core value of socialism, demonstrating the new value concept and value orientation in China. In constructing the view of prosperity in the socialist China, there are some theoretical and practical misunderstandings which need to be rectified. The paper suggests that we should straight the standpoint of socialist value, insist on the liberation and development of the productivity and maintain social fairness and justice. Only on this basis can prosperity truly become the driving engine for the healthy development of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the realization of the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation.