Abstract: Taking X chamber of Commerce as an sample, the paper applied case study method to explore the influence on trade associations and chambers of Commerce after decoupling from administrative organs, and how such social organization reformed human resources system to motivate and retain employees. Case study results showed that chamber of commerce turnover rate increases dramatically after decoupling. The decoupling practices causes the staff to enhance the sense of crisis. On the other hand, the disadvantages of internal malpractice compensation system, performance management and promotion system also makes employees perceive unfairness and lack of sense of belonging. The sense of crisis also enhances the sensitivity of unfairness and no belonging, which leads to low working enthusiasm or even quitting the job. Based on the problem analysis, the study puts forward some suggestions on the reform of human resource management.