On Damage Compensation Legal Mechanism of Outer Space Activities

doi:10.13766/j.bhsk.1008-2204.2015.0586

Abstract

Abstract:

Any legal system contains breach of obligation under its responsibility system. To ensure one party can effectively obtain indemnity, the law established the system of damage compensation. The domestic civil law in China sets that if there are damage facts and the facts have causal relationship with the harmful consequences, there should be damage compensation liability. International law established the international responsibility which proposes that both international wrongful acts and international law non-forbidden actions should bear international liability for damage compensation by means of repristination or compensation. In outer space law, damage compensation can be found mainly in the principle norms of Outer Space Treaty and the specific provisions of Liability Convention. The present damage compensation system has problems such as scattered treaty provisions, vaguely-defined terminology, lack of legislation in private activity, unclear choices among treaties, etc. The completion of damage compensation mechanism of outer space should start with the unification of outer space treaties, revising regularly the outer space legislation. The definition of damage, launching states, space objects should be further clarified and privatization of outer space activity legislation should be increased to make the alternative application among treaties of damage compensation more clear.

Key words: space activities, damage compensation, international responsibility, Outer Space Treaty, Liability Convention

CLC Number:

DF991

CAI Gaoqiang, CHEN Lu. On Damage Compensation Legal Mechanism of Outer Space Activities[J]. JOURNAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF AERONAUTICS AND A, 2016, 29(3): 36-43.

References

[1] 李寿平.现代国际责任法律制度[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2003:3.
[2] 后藤孝典.现代损害赔偿论[M].东京:日本评论社,1984:22.
[3] 杨立新.侵权责任法[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2010:234.
[4] 王胜明.中华人民共和国侵权责任法解读[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2010: 89.
[5] 朱文玉.国家在保护外层空间领域的国际责任[J].学术交流,2003(10): 33.
[6] 姜茹娇.国际私法中损害赔偿法律适用问题研究[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社,2006: 4.
[7] 斯塔克.国际法导论[M].北京:法律出版社,1984: 238.
[8] IAN B. System of the law of Nations State Responsibility[M]. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1983: 41.
[9] 赵云.外空商业化和外空法的新发展[M].北京.知识产权出版社,2008: 17.
[10] NATALIE B.Securing outer space: International relations theory and the politics of space[M]. London: Routledge, 2012: 127.
[11] 周忠海.国际法[M].北京:中国政法大学出版社,2004: 83.
[12] 赵云.外空商业化和外空法的新发展[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2008: 17.
[13] 李寿平.空间碎片造成空间环境污染的国际责任[J].河北法学,2006(12): 160.
[14] 阙占文.跨界环境损害责任导论[M].北京.知识产权出版社,2010(8): 47.
[15] JASENTULIYANA N, LEE R.Manual on space law[M].Dobbs Ferry, NY: Oceana Publications, 1981: 371.
[16] 杨俭波.太空旅游的法律原则和制度设计[J].郑州航空工业管理学院学报:社会科学版,2008(1): 36.
[17] JULIAN H.Legal basis for a national space legislation[M].Netherlands: Kluwer Academic,2004: 21.
[18] 赵云.试论外空《责任公约》及其完善[J].北京航空航天大学学报:社会科学版,2008,(3): 44.
[19] LARSEN P B.Future protocol on security interests in space assets[J]. Journal of Air Law & Commerce ,2012(67): 105.
[20] MANN F. Reflection on a commercial law of nations.BYIL[M].London: Routledge, 1957:41.
[21] 夏春利.外空国际法治:现状与前景[J].北京航空航天大学学报:社会科学版,2014,27(1): 27.
[22] HAANAPPEL P. Some observation on the crash of the cosmos 954[J]. Journal of Space Law, 1978(6): 148.
[23] 李寿平.试论联合国框架下空间物体造成损害的赔偿责任法律制度[J].时代法学,2009(2): 90.
[24] 汪劲.环境法学[M].北京.北京大学出版社,2006:65.
[25] CARL Q C. International liability for damage caused by space objects[J].American Journal of International Law, 1980(74): 357.
[26] 王峰.浅析外空活动中的国际损害责任[J].中南财经政法大学研究生学报,2007(1): 133.
[27] REIS. Some reflections on the liability convention for outer space[J].Journal of Space Law,1978(6):127.
[28] GORBIEL A. Large space sturcture : The need for a special treaty regulation,proceedings 26th colloquium on the law of outer space[J].Adams Media Corporation,1984:247.
[29] ROBERTS L R. Oribtal debris: Another pollution problem for the international legal community[J].Florida Journal of International Law,1997(11): 622.
[30] KERREST A.Launching spacecraft from the sea and outer space treaty[J].Netherlands: Springer, 1998:21.
[31] 高真茹.试论空间活动商业化的法制建设[J].民营科技,2007(3): 43.
[32] 王秀梅.国际法体系化机制及其进路[J]. 政法论丛,2007(11): 78.
[33] 杨彩霞.外层空间环境保护的国家立法研究[J].兰州学刊,2011(4): 80.