Challenges Related to Long-term Sustainability of Outer Space Activities and Their Solutions
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摘要: 外空活动长期可持续性是可持续发展概念在外空领域的延伸,所以它与可持续发展概念既有联系也有区别。对比可持续发展原则,外空活动长期可持续性原则应是外空法的一项重要原则,其内涵包括代际公平、代内公平、长期可持续利用和外空环境与外空活动一体化等四个方面。在现有外层环境日益恶化的情形下,强调并践行外空活动长期可持续性原则具有重要的现实意义。目前,外空活动长期可持续性所面临的问题包括空间碎片问题、地球静止轨道问题和空间环境污染问题。国际社会正在制定《外空活动长期可持续性准则》,这对解决上述问题发挥很大的作用,但更为重要的是把这一原则规定到《外空条约》中来,或有意推动使其成为一项公认的国际习惯法规则,使其发挥法律规范的作用。Abstract: Since long-term sustainability of outer space activities is an extension concept of sustainable development in the field of outer space law, there are not only some connections but also a few differences between them. According to the juridical status of the principle of sustainable development, the principle of long-term sustainability of outer space activities should be an important principle in the law of outer space, and contains the following aspects: inter-generation fair; within-generation fair; long-term sustainable use, integration between environment and activities in the outer space. In the case of the existing outer environment worsening, emphasizing and practicing principle of long-term sustainability of outer space activities has important practical significance.Now the challenges related to the long-term sustainability of outer space activities include the issues of space debris; the increasing decrease in geostationary orbit resources; space pollution. The international community is working on the guidelines of the long-term sustainability of outer space activity guidelines which plays a key role in solving the above problems. More importantly, the principle of long-term sustainability of outer space activities should be put into the Outer Space Treaty or developed to be a generally accepted rule of customary international law so that it can play the role of legal norms.
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