Abstract: Major construction projects increase with the development of social economy, which desiderate its social stability risks' recognition, evaluation and prevention. Research on associated risk factors' inner relationship differs from common risk recognition and evaluation, which contributes to the analysis of social stability risks' construction as well as building prevention management system. Questionnaire survey method was adopted in data collecting while structural equation modeling (SEM) in model building. Finally, with the basic of risk factors, a major airport construction project's social stability risks was put forward, whose construction and measurement can be analyzed quantitatively, so as that assessment path be completed.