Abstract: The Rural Revitalization Strategy tries to solve the current challenge of "rural diseases". This strategy advocates the protection of equal rights and interests of urban and rural residents. It should encourage farmers initiative and social participation. This strategy is not only the inheritance, reflection and promotion of China's rural reform theory and practice, but also the new development of Marx's theory of urban-rural relations. In the process of practice, we should pay attention to constructing the protection and coordination mechanism of the institutional change main body, internal and external driving mechanism and typical risk prevention mechanism.