ISSN 1008-2204
CN 11-3979/C

民用机场电磁环境保护的法律问题研究——基于《民用机场管理条例》的修订和实施

Legal Issues on Protection of Electromagnetic Environment of Civil Airports: Based on Revision and Enforcement of Amendment to Regulation on the Management of Civil Airports

  • 摘要: 电磁环境保护是保障民用机场运行安全的重要制度,在中国具备良好的法律基础和执法机制。然而,随着无线电干扰活动的实践发展和民航领域航行新技术的应用,现行民用机场电磁环境保护制度需要进行相应的修订和完善。在立法层面,《民用机场管理条例》应当以列举的方式明确禁止在机场及附近区域放飞无人机和使用无线电信号干扰设备,将电磁环境保护对象由"民用航空无线电专用频率"扩大修订为"民用航空无线电相关频率"。在执法层面,应当充分保障民航有关部门对联合执法机制的介入程度,由无线电管理部门贯彻实施《无线电管理条例》《民用机场管理条例》等法律法规对航空器等公共安全相关频率的严格保护,不将责令改正作为行政罚款的前置程序,对非法无线电干扰设备的全链条活动处以高额罚款,以最大限度地保护民用机场电磁环境安全。

     

    Abstract: Electromagnetic environmental protection is an important system to ensure the operational safety of civil airports, which has had a sound legal foundation and law enforcement mechanism in China. However, with the new practice of radio interference activities and the application of new navigation technologies in civil aviation, the current system of electromagnetic environmental protection for civil airports needs to be revised and improved accordingly. From the perspective of statutory revision, the Regulation on the Management of Civil Airports should include a detailed list of the drones and radio signal jamming equipment prohibited to be used at airports and nearby areas, and expand the object of electromagnetic environmental protection to "the radio frequencies related to civil aviation" from "the radio frequencies exclusively used for civil aviation". In terms of law enforcement, the involvement of relevant civil aviation authorities should be fully guaranteed in the joint law enforcement mechanism. The radio management body shall strictly implement the protection for aircraft and other public safety-related frequencies according to the Radio Regulation of the People's Republic of China and Regulation on the Management of Civil Airports and related legislations. "Corrective action instructions" shall not be ordered as a pre-procedure for "administrative fines". Tough penalties shall be imposed on the full chain of activities by interfering equipment, so as to maximize the protection of electromagnetic environment of civil airports.

     

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