Abstract: The rise of deepfake technology is attributed to the wide spread application of big data and the innovative development of deep learning technology. Meeting people’s demand for highly realistic forgeries of videos, sounds, pictures and other information, deepfake technology has quickly become a popular application tool. However, as a “double-edged sword”, it also gives rise to a series of problems to the society. First, it is widely used to create a variety of scenes blending the virtual and the real, which leads to social confusion and erosion of the symbolic regulation of the real world. Second, used as a tool for sabotage and aggression, deepfake technology causes various social anomies, chaos and crises. Third, as a “cloning” technology, it results in a new crisis of trust in society and shaking of social consensus. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the coexistence, harmony, and benign development between deepfake technology and human society. This requires optimizing the approach of “technology countering technology”while integrating technicism and humanism. Furthermore, the institutional norms related to deepfake technology should be improved and perfected. A collaborative governance mechanism for deepfake technology should also be established.