Abstract: With the rapid development of new digital technologies, such as 5G, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, the “Digital Silk Road” has given new meaning to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) since the BRI was proposed ten years ago. The digital economy has become an important driving force to promote the high-quality development of the BRI. However, opportunities and challenges coexist. At present, construction of the “Digital Silk Road” still faces the problems of structural differences between supply and demand of the digital economy, incomplete digital financial service system, relative delay in digital infrastructure construction, the urgent need to establish a cross-border digital trade rules system, geopolitical risks and network information security risks, etc. In this regard, it is necessary to establish a solid and effective support mechanism for the cooperation and development of the Belt and Road digital economy as soon as possible by strengthening the construction of digital infrastructure to enhance the core competitiveness of digital technology, developing digital economy industries and cross-border digital trade, establishing and improving the digital financial service system, and building a cross-border digital trade rules system. In this way, under a relative sound system of cooperation and development, the digital economy can better empower the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, and help the Belt and Road Initiative to move forward steadily.