ISSN 1008-2204
CN 11-3979/C

论适当性审查中的权衡基准以31个省(自治区、直辖市)为例

On Balancing Benchmarks in Appropriateness Review:Taking 31 Provinces (Autonomous Regions and Municipalities) for Example

  • 摘要: 有关备案审查的省级地方性法规经历了从将“适当性”作为修辞到确立独立的“适当性基准”的发展历程,这与中央层面备案审查制度发展完善进程同频共振。从总体上来看,大部分省级地方性法规中的适当性权衡基准援用了《法规、司法解释备案审查工作办法》第39条的规定。实践中,各权衡基准的适用情况如下:“明显违背社会主义核心价值观和公序良俗”基准采取相对宽松的权衡尺度;“对公民、法人或者其他组织的权利和义务的规定明显不合理,或者为实现立法目的所规定的手段与立法目的明显不匹配”基准则采用通盘权衡的方式;“因现实情况发生重大变化而不宜继续施行”需要区分政策情况的变化和法律情况的变化。此外,省级地方性法规中也发展出了其他的适当性权衡基准。

     

    Abstract: Provincial-level laws and regulations on recording and review have gone through a process of development from taking “appropriateness” as a rhetorical term to establishing an independent “appropriateness benchmark”, which is in line with the development and improvement of the recording and review system of the central government. In general, the appropriateness balancing benchmarks in most provincial-level laws and regulations invoke the provisions of Article 39 of Measures for the Recording and Review of Regulations and Judicial Interpretations. The application of balancing benchmarks in practice is as follows: “where the benchmark clearly violates the Core Socialist Values as well as public order and good morals”, a relatively lenient balancing scale is adopted; “where the provisions on the rights and obligations of citizens, legal persons, or other organizations are clearly unreasonable, or where the means prescribed to achieve its legislative purpose clearly does not match the legislative purpose”, a holistic balancing approach is taken; “where it is inappropriate to continue to implement the benchmarks because of great changes in actual circumstances”, a distinction between changes in the policies and those in the laws is required. And other balancing benchmarks for appropriateness review have been developed in the provincial-level laws and regulations.

     

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