ISSN 1008-2204
CN 11-3979/C

生成式人工智能嵌入政府治理的应用前景、潜在风险和防范机制

The Application Prospects, Potential Risks, and Prevention Mechanisms of Integrating Generative Artificial Intelligence into Government Governance

  • 摘要: 随着以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能(Artificial Intelligence Generated Content, 简称AIGC)技术广泛应用,生成式人工智能嵌入政府治理并引发系列变革。政府治理存在特殊性,采纳新兴技术既需要开放的态度以促进治理效率,但同时也需要谨慎考虑技术应用可能带来的风险和挑战。通过构建“技术—制度—价值”分析框架探究人工智能嵌入政府治理的应用前景、潜在风险以及防范机制。生成式人工智能嵌入政府治理可以有效获取政府决策全面信息,提高政府运行效率,改善政府公共服务供给过程中人机交互体验感,提升政府治理准确性、客观性及公正性。但同时需要警惕生成式人工智能技术嵌入政府治理可能引发的数据安全问题、技术过度依赖、社会安全隐患、削弱政府的公共权力、算法歧视、政府治理主体责任缺失等风险。遵循“技术—制度—价值”理论架构,从加强安全技术研发力度、提高算法可解释性、完善责任追究制度、完善领导制度并加强干部数智化本领、破除算法官僚主义,以及坚持包容审慎原则等视角构建风险防范机制,以实现良术善用以及技术“善治”和“善智”高质量发展。

     

    Abstract: As generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies like ChatGPT become more widely used, they are increasingly being integrated into government governance, triggering a series of transformations. The special nature of government governance requires an open attitude to adopt emerging technologies to enhance efficiency, but it also necessitates cautious consideration of the potential risks and challenges posed by technological applications. By constructing a “Technology-Institution-Value” analytical framework, this paper explores the prospects, potential risks, and preventive mechanisms for the integration of AI into government governance. The integration of generative AI can effectively gather comprehensive information for government decision-making, improve operational efficiency, enhance the human-machine interaction experience in public service provision, and increase the accuracy, objectivity, and fairness of government governance. However, it is crucial to be vigilant about potential risks such as data security issues, over-reliance on technology, social security threats, weakening of public authority, algorithmic discrimination, and the absence of accountability in governance. Following the “Technology-Institution-Value” theoretical framework, this paper proposes risk prevention mechanisms through strengthening security technology research, enhancing algorithm interpretability, improving accountability systems, improving leadership systems, enhancing the digital capabilities of cadres, eliminating algorithmic bureaucracy, and adhering to inclusive and prudent principles to achieve the high-quality development of technology, ensuring it is used wisely and effectively for “good governance” and “intelligent governance”.

     

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