Abstract: Warsaw Convention System, aiming to unify international aviation trans portation rules, has undergone many challenges since its inception. Throughout t his system, there have been three sets of contradictions: carriers and clients; industrial countries and developing countries; and common law system and civil l aw system. These contradictions have been reflected not only in the draft proces s of Warsaw Convention, but in the compromises within the specific provisions of this Convention. In the era of Air Strategic Alliance and the development of ne w technologies, Warsaw Convention System will be confronted with new challenges and innovations.