Abstract: Yu Dafu and Kuriyamura Hakumura were theorists of Literature and Art of almost t he same times. They had similar views on such issues as the origin of literature and art lying in the gloom in one's heart of hearts and the basic technique of expression of literature being self-expression. Meanwhile, there's some differe nt standpoint on the realization of the relationships between writings and circu mstances. The similar and different cultural backgrounds and conditions between China and Japan account for those resemblances and differences.