Abstract: Marx analyzed the modernity conundrum through the lens of capital logic and, based on practical philosophy, found a solution to transcend capitalist modernity. Marx accomplished a paradigm shift from rational metaphysics to practice through a philosophical revolution, achieving a triple transformation of modernity issues: at the field level, it shifted from the "idealist world" to the "industrial society"; at the goal level, it shifted from the "explanatory world" to the "world of change"; at the subject level, it shifted from the "abstract subject" to the "real individual". This transformation pushed Marx's critique of modernity from theoretical reflection to practical construction. Specifically, it manifested as deconstructing the myth of rationality through "capital critique", transcending political rationality through "social revolution", and reinterpreting freedom and equality through "human liberation", thereby forming a complete line of thought from criticism to practice, from theory to action.