Abstract: The governance of public crisis in the new era plays an important role in the modernization of national go-vernance. Under the background of the modernization of national governance, the practical dilemmas of public crisis governance are mainly institutional dilemmas, governing subject dilemmas and social participation dilemmas. Therefore, to solve these dilemmas from the perspective of the modernization of national governance, breakthrough can be made in the respects of governance mechanism, governance subject, social participation and subject thinking. In this regard, public crisis management mechanism should be improved and perfected to enhance the authority of the Communist Party of China in crisis management, strengthen the social participation ability in public crisis management, and strive to improve the public's consciousness and rationality in risks prevention, so as to provide scientific and effective practice guidance for the implementation of "Safe China" policy.