Abstract: The six misunderstandings about economic development are discussed and their brought-about harmfulness pointed out . The six misunderstandings are : considering competitiveness equal to technologylever , technology progress equal to R&D, the hi-techindustry equal to hightechnology , the economic relation betweentwo countries equal to competitive relation betweentwo enterprises , the leapingover of technology equal to the leaping-over of capital , and incomplete market systems equal to the failures of market .