Abstract: The "three in an organic whole" governance model in Rui’an Rural Association (Rui’an Rural Cooperation Association) is an icebreaking attempt for constructing Chinese new rural communities. The remarkable progress in the last two years makes peoples see the feasibility, meanwhile, some embarrassments have also occurred during the process of consolidating and developing the "three in an organic whole" governance model. A study on the challenges that the development of the Rui’an model will be likely faced with, and the feasible promotion of the model to other parts of rural China will be helpful to governments and rural associations in their self-positioning in constructing new rural communities.