Abstract: During the period in which the British economy transformed from agriculturalism to mercantilism, the relativism of human value gradually became the main trend by replacing the traditional monistic value. In Julius Caesar, both Brutus and the Roman mob lost their unified outlook of value and the standard of judgement, therefore becoming the victims of a series of tragic events. By revealing the tragic fates of Brutus and the Roman mob, Shakespeare criticizes the British people's change in the outlook of value during the social transformation.