Abstract: Dostoevsky’s ideas and creativity had a great impact on the Russian Symbolist writer Merejkovski. The theme of double, playing an important role in the plot structure, can be said to be the most outstanding. Merezhkovsky inherited the tradition of Dostoevsky and announced the relationships between this theme and religious problems. He put the theme to the greatness of the general world. This article attempts to analyze both the impact on this theme and their respective characteristics so as to reveal the differences of methods in creation of the world picture, and to indicate the acceptance of ideas in Russian Literature and the deep connection between the culture at the turn of the century and the previous literary traditions.