Aviation Accident and Principle of Reliance in Criminal Law: A Case Study of the Air Crash of JAL Flight 123

The practitioner in the aviation industry who can reasonably trust other cooperators in the division labor can be alleviated the duty of checking the latter's work according to the application of the principle of reliance. The principle of reliance in the aviation accident is a theoretic tool which distributes the burden of eliminating security risks in equilibrium distribution between the relevant parties, thus conducive to improving the efficiency and safety level of the aviation industry. Three conditions that the principle of reliance applies to aviation accidents are as follows: firstly the system of division of labor should be established, secondly other cooperating practitioner has corresponding qualification and ability, finally there is no special fact that shakes the actor's reliance.