Damages in Common European Sales Law

The latest achievements of the integration in the field of European Private Law-Common European Sales Law (hereinafter referred to as "CESL") redefined the concept of "damage" and its constituent elements, rules, responsibility principle and exemptions, foreseeability standard for the scope of compensation, attribution on both sides and calculation methods of damages, etc. This latest action is the interaction and comparative summary of the latest contract law and doctrine in domestic law and EU law development. The expansion trend of compensation to the non-property damages and its limiting tools could especially provide a reference for application and interpretation of Chapter of Contract Law in Chinese Civil Code.