Individual Emergency Behavior in Public Crises:Specific Types, Theoretical Explanations, and Shaping Frameworks

In recent years, domestic scholars have paid more attention to the study of individual behavior in public crises, and such studies are characterized by the multidisciplinary intersection of politics, management, sociology, psychology, and communication. This paper conducts a systematic review of the specific types, explanatory theories, and shaping mechanisms of public emergency behavior in public crises, and finds that the public, as the witnesses to public crises in specific institutional environments, produces a variety of emergency behavior in response to public crises, such as refuge behavior, altruistic behavior, information behavior, panic behavior and deviant behavior. The public’s adaptation to changes in external situations, their understanding of the crises, and their perception of the risks that can affect emotional changes, can all provide some explanation and theoretical support for the emergence of individual emergency behavior. In addition, the paper formulates the shaping framework of individual emergency behavior by reviewing the existing literature, and finds that the original static differences between the objective environment and the behavior subject, and the subsequent dynamic development are the main factors that affect the emergence and evolution of public emergency behavior. The major intervention ways for the government to help shape individual emergency behavior are information provision, material supply, trust building, and behavior guidance.