Harmony in Diversity: The Comparative Analysis of Emergency Plan and "Five-Year" Emergency Management Plan from the Perspective of Ensuring both Development and Security

The year 2025 marks not only the revision of the National Emergency Plan but also the transition from the "14th Five-Year" period to the "15th Five-Year" period. Emergency Plan ("Yingjiyu'an" in Chinese) and "Five-Year" Emergency Management Plan ("Yingjiguihua" in Chinese) represent two distinct yet critical policy documents in the modernization of emergency management systems and capabilities. Rooted in the foundational function of preventing potential risks before they materialize, these two documents exhibit interactive linkages at the textual level while demonstrating distinct characteristics due to their differing institutional foundations. In response to the contemporary imperative of ensuring both development and security to achieve high-level safety, Emergency Plan emphasizes governance functions that reinforce security through conceptual frameworks, institutional mechanisms, and management safeguards. Conversely, "Five-Year" Emergency Management Plan focuses on governance functions that expand security through development initiatives, guided by goal orientation, critical projects planning, and resource integration. To enhance holistic synergy, their coordination must prioritize integration as a key mechanism, grounded in practical implementation. The two need to strengthen the overall balancing as the key starting point, based on practice, leverage their respective strengths, deepen the overall coordination, and achieve the due governance effectiveness.