Official Governance and Official Management: Pondering Historically over China-s Cadre and Personnel System Reform in the New Era

Official governace and official management has always been one of the fundamental issues on administering a country both in ancient times and today, b oth at home and abroad. China-s traditional political culture and successful int ernational experiences have shown clearly: official management weighs heavily in governing a country; to manage official is to manage power; personnel managemen t is of great importance in power management; managing the mind is a hard nut in personnel management. Institution plays a fundamental role in clean official go vernance, and power should be effectively checked and balanced. To comb the rela tionships between rule of man and rule of law, mangemment by official and manage ment by the commons, management under institution and management under mind is t he top priority in reshaping China-s official governance and official management in the new era.