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摘要:
锂离子动力电池系统作为电动汽车最重要的核心部件，其动力性能和安全可靠性的提升是中国电动汽车进一步规模化发展的重大需求。锂离子动力电池的热安全问题贯穿于电池系统的整个生命周期，且在单体-模组-系统不同空间尺度下的表现形式不同。针对锂离子动力电池系统多空间尺度热安全问题，分别从单体电池生热、模组温度均一性、电池系统安全可靠性3个方面归纳总结了目前动力电池热安全设计的最新进展，并对一些重要研究成果进行了着重介绍，总结了锂离子动力电池系统热安全设计亟待解决的关键问题，提出了可行的解决方案，对今后的研究方向进行了展望，旨在为电池系统动力性能和安全可靠性提升提供有益的借鉴和参考。
Abstract:As the most important core component of electric vehicles, the lithium-ion power battery system requires improvement in power performance, safety, and reliability for further large-scale development of electric vehicles in China. Thermal safety issues of lithium-ion power batteries may occur throughout the whole life cycle of the battery system, and manifest differently in different spatial scales of monomers, modules, and systems. To address the multi-spatial scale thermal safety problems of the lithium-ion power battery system, the latest progress of thermal safety design of power batteries is reviewed from three aspects: heat generation of a single battery, temperature uniformity of a module, and safety and reliability of a battery system. Some important research results are introduced, and the key problems to be solved in the thermal safety design of a lithium-ion power battery system are summarized. Feasible solutions to the problems are put forward, and the future research direction is suggested, providing insight into increase in power performance, safety and reliability of battery systems.
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图 2 含内短路的三维电化学-热耦合模型[25]
Figure 2. 3D electrochemical-thermal coupling model with internal short circuit[25]
图 3 基于孔隙网络模型的跨尺度耦合热管理系统[74]
Figure 3. Cross-scale coupled thermal management system based on pore network model[74]
图 4 电池机械-电化学-热模型耦合策略[88]
Figure 4. Coupling strategy of mechanical-electrochemical-thermal model of cell[88]
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