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航空替代燃料低温点火关键物质研究

臧雪静 周冠宇 杨晓奕

臧雪静, 周冠宇, 杨晓奕等 . 航空替代燃料低温点火关键物质研究[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2019, 45(5): 1019-1025. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0559
引用本文: 臧雪静, 周冠宇, 杨晓奕等 . 航空替代燃料低温点火关键物质研究[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2019, 45(5): 1019-1025. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0559
ZANG Xuejing, ZHOU Guanyu, YANG Xiaoyiet al. Key composition of aviation alternative fuel on ignition performance at low temperature[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019, 45(5): 1019-1025. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0559(in Chinese)
Citation: ZANG Xuejing, ZHOU Guanyu, YANG Xiaoyiet al. Key composition of aviation alternative fuel on ignition performance at low temperature[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2019, 45(5): 1019-1025. doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0559(in Chinese)

航空替代燃料低温点火关键物质研究

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2018.0559
基金项目: 

国家重点研发计划 2016YFE0120100

详细信息
    作者简介:

    臧雪静  女, 硕士研究生。主要研究方向:航空替代燃料性能

    杨晓奕  女, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师。主要研究方向:航空替代燃料制备及性能

    通讯作者:

    杨晓奕.E-mail:yangxiaoyi@buaa.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: V231.2

Key composition of aviation alternative fuel on ignition performance at low temperature

Funds: 

National Key R & D Program of China 2016YFE0120100

More Information
  • 摘要:

    液体燃料低温条件下挥发的燃油组分对于点火启动有显著影响。通过对航空煤油RP-3和煤基费托F-T燃料低温条件气相组分分析,得到了-40℃到15℃燃料挥发组分及含量分布规律,确定低温条件发动机点火关键物质并进行点火边界测试及分析。通过加入轻烃物质煤基费托燃料点火性能有显著提高作用,其改善顺序为环烷烃最优,其次是支链烷烃,直链烷烃。对航空替代燃料应用于发动机低温冷启动及高空再点火过程有一定指导意义。

     

  • 图 1  低温条件碳氢燃料气相组分检测流程图

    Figure 1.  Flowchart of gas phase component detection of hydrocarbon fuels under low temperature conditions

    图 2  温度对航空煤油RP-3气相不同碳数轻烃物质分布的影响

    Figure 2.  Influence of temperature on light hydrocarbon distrubution with different carbon numbers in aviation kerosene RP-3 gas phase

    图 3  温度对航空煤油RP-3气相不同族组成轻烃物质分布的影响

    Figure 3.  Influence of temperature on light hydrocarbon distrubution with different structures in aviation kerosene RP-3 gas phase

    图 4  温度对煤基费托F-T气相不同碳数轻烃物质分布影响

    Figure 4.  Influence of temperature on light hydrocarbon distrubution with different carbon numbers in coal-based F-T gas phase

    图 5  温度对煤基费托F-T气相不同族组成轻烃物质分布影响

    Figure 5.  Influence of temperature on light hydrocarbon distrubution with different structures incoal-based F-T gas phase

    表  1  航空煤油RP-3和煤基费托F-T理化性质

    Table  1.   Physicocemical properties of aviation kerosene RP-3 and coal-based F-T

    测试燃料 密度/(kg·m-3) 闪点/℃ 冰点/℃ 20℃黏度/(mm2·s-1) 热值/(MJ·kg-1)
    RP-3 788 43.0 -47 1.72 42.8
    F-T 758 55.5 -28 2.22 47.4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  航空煤油RP-3和煤基费托F-T液相组分分布

    Table  2.   Distribution of components in liquid phase of aviation kerosene RP-3 and coal-based F-T

    %
    碳数 RP-3 F-T
    直链烷烃 支链烷烃 环烷烃 芳香烃 烯烃和萘 直链烷烃 支链烷烃
    7 0.18 0.21 1.31 3.06 0 0 0
    8 1.01 0.84 4.75 2.02 0 0.43 0
    9 3.53 1.96 3.55 7.00 0 9.46 2.21
    10 5.75 6.53 2.51 5.49 1.26 11.33 5.32
    11 6.73 9.56 0.38 0.45 2.24 12.18 4.26
    12 6.25 5.41 0 0 0 11.42 3.55
    13 4.47 4.63 1.56 0 0 10.29 2.33
    14 2.39 1.89 0 0 0 8.41 1.30
    15 0.88 0.17 0 0 0 6.30 0
    16 0.17 0.90 0 0 0 4.55 0
    17 0 0.67 0 0 0 3.05 0
    ≥18 0 0 0 0 0.27 3.61 0
    总计 31.36 32.77 14.06 18.02 3.77 81.03 18.97
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  15℃条件下航空煤油RP-3与煤基费托F-T气相组分分布

    Table  3.   Distribution of components in gas phase of aviation kerosene RP-3 and coal-based F-T at 15℃

    %
    碳数 RP-3 F-T
    6 8.36 0
    7 28.32 2.13
    8 23.27 10.21
    9 27.39 63.96
    10 10.89 21.87
    11 0.42 1.83
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  直链烷烃蒸气压随温度变化

    Table  4.   Variation of vapor pressure of n-alkanes with temperature

    kPa
    正构烷烃 25℃[18] 25℃ 15℃ -10℃ -20℃ -30℃
    C6 20.2 2.337 12.921 3.426 1.834 0.920
    C7 6.1 6.077 3.598 0.776 0.377 0.170
    C8 1.9 1.844 1.031 0.192 0.088 0.037
    C9 0.6 0.594 0.313 0.049 0.021 0.008
    C10 - 0.191 0.095 0.012 0.005 0.002
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  37.8℃时F-T添加5%C7烃类物质油气比

    Table  5.   Fuel-to-air ratio of F-T added with 5% C7 hydrocarbons at 37.8℃

    试样 密度/(g·cm-3) 供气压力/kPa 供气质量/g 供油质量/g 油气比 降低程度/%
    RP-3 0.788 0 27.18 1.471 9 0.394 0 0.267 7
    F-T 0.758 0 22.25 1.204 6 0.379 0 0.314 6 0
    FT+5%甲基环己烷 0.758 8 29.75 1.611 1 0.379 4 0.235 5 25.15
    F-T+5%2-甲基己烷 0.754 1 28.65 1.551 2 0.377 0 0.243 0 22.75
    F-T+5%正庚烷 0.754 3 24.22 1.311 6 0.377 2 0.287 5 8.60
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  RP-3和F-T添加不同比例C7理化性质及油气比

    Table  6.   Physical properties and fuel-to-air ratio of RP-3 and F-T added with different proportions of C7

    试样 闪点/℃ 蒸气压/kPa 热值(MJ·kg-1) 37.8℃油气比
    RP-3 43.0 0.6 42.81 0.267 7
    RP-3+2%甲基环己烷 39.0 1.0 42.81 0.237 4
    RP-3+3%正庚烷 37.5 1.1 42.85 0.244 8
    RP-3+1.5%2-甲基己烷 37.5 0.9 42.83 0.258 1
    F-T 55.5 0.3 47.40 0.314 6
    F-T+5.5%甲基环己烷 37.5 1.2 47.18 0.232 6
    F-T+7.5%正庚烷 38.5 1.6 47.19 0.238 7
    F-T+3%2-甲基己烷 39.0 1.5 47.31 0.254 4
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  添加C7碳氢燃料可燃蒸汽分压与燃烧下限

    Table  7.   Flammable vapor partial pressure and flammable lower limit of hydrocarbons added with C7

    试样 燃油蒸汽分压(总压30 kPa) 分压占比/% 燃烧下限/%(30 kPa修正值)
    煤基费托F-T 0.22 0.733 3 0.905 6
    F-T+5%甲基环己烷 0.31 1.033 3 1.031 8
    F-T+5%2-甲基己烷 0.32 1.066 7 1.107 1
    F-T+5%正庚烷 0.30 1.000 0 1.148 3
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2018-09-26
  • 录用日期:  2018-11-16
  • 网络出版日期:  2019-05-20

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