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摘要:
雷达成像技术可获得目标的丰富特征信息，从而为目标识别提供重要依据。涡旋电磁波雷达成像技术可获得相对静止目标的高分辨率二维像，是成像领域的研究热点之一。为获得更高的成像质量，利用反正弦圆环天线阵列获得雷达波束内的方位角分辨能力，提出了一种基于反正弦圆环天线阵列的二维成像算法。利用半个圆环天线阵列，获得与涡旋电磁波雷达成像技术相近的方位角分辨率，并降低了旁瓣高度。对回波进行Dechirp处理，获得一维距离像；在此基础上，构建参考信号，通过信号间的共轭相乘将相位中的余弦函数变为线性函数；将回波累加，获得目标二维像。仿真分析了阵元个数和波束宽度对方位角分辨率的影响，并与涡旋电磁波雷达成像算法对比，验证了所提算法的有效性和鲁棒性。
Abstract:Radar imaging technology can capture rich feature information of a target, which provides important basis for target recognition. Vortex electromagnetic wave imaging technology, a widely discussed topic, can capture high-resolution two-dimensional images of relatively stationary targets. To achieve a higher imaging quality, the azimuth resolution in radar beams is obtained using arcsine-based circular antenna array, and a two-dimensional imaging algorithm based on the arcuate ring antenna array is proposed. With only half a circular antenna array, the azimuth resolution similar to that of vortex electromagnetic wave imaging technology can be obtained, and the sidelobe height is reduced. Firstly, the one-dimensional range profile is obtained through the “Dechirp” operation. On this basis, the reference signal is constructed, the cosine function in the phase is changed into a linear function through the conjugate multiplication between the echo and the reference signal. Finally, the echo is accumulated to obtain the two-dimensional image of the target. The effects of the number of array elements and beam width on the azimuth resolution are analyzed. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified compared with that of vortex electromagnetic wave radar imaging method.
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Key words:
- circular antenna array /
- two-dimensional imaging /
- real aperture radar /
- arcsine function /
- azimuth
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图 2 $ {\varphi _p} = {d_l} $和$ {\varphi _p}\neq{d_l} $时方位角域成像结果
Figure 2. Imaging results when $ {\varphi _p}={d_l} $ and $ {\varphi _p}\neq{d_l} $ in azimuth domiain
图 3 单散射点和多散射方位角域成像结果
Figure 3. Imaging results in azimuth domain of single and multiple scatterning points
表 1 雷达参数
Table 1. Radar parameters
参数 数值 阵列半径$a$/m 0.5 阵元个数$M$ 100 波束中心俯仰角${\theta _{\rm{c}}}$/rad 0.3 波束宽度${\theta _{\rm{b}}}$/rad 0.0175 载频$ {f_{\rm{c}}} $/GHz 15 带宽$ B $/GHz 0.3 发射脉冲时宽$ {T_{\rm{p}}} $/μs 500 
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