拓扑优化相变热沉在不同重力场的性能

王仕淞; 殷健宝; 邢玉明; 侯煦; 王子贤

doi:10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0222

拓扑优化相变热沉在不同重力场的性能

doi: 10.13700/j.bh.1001-5965.2022.0222

北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院，北京 100191

基金项目: 航空科学基金(20172851018)

详细信息

作者简介:
王仕淞等：拓扑优化相变热沉在不同重力场的性能研究 5

通讯作者:
E-mail：xym505@163.com

中图分类号: V221.8；V221.92；V228.3；V245.343
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- 文章访问数: 320
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-06
- 录用日期: 2022-04-30
- 网络出版日期: 2022-05-19
- 整期出版日期: 2024-01-31

Topological optimzation of phase change heat sink performance in different gravity fields

School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China

Funds: Aeronautical Science Foundation of China (20172851018)

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail：xym505@163.com

摘要

摘要:
为强化相变热沉的性能，基于带惩罚的固体各向同性材料(SIMP)法对山梨糖醇相变热沉进行传热拓扑优化设计。对拓扑优化的相变热沉(Ⅰ)和直肋式的相变热沉(Ⅱ)进行定常重力(0～20g)和周期性重力条件的数值模拟研究。利用无量纲数对比二者的热性能，研究结果表明：热沉Ⅰ的吸热和均热性能优于热沉Ⅱ；在相同重力环境下，以80 ℃为目标，热沉Ⅰ温控时间比热沉Ⅱ平均多26.8%；微低重力下热沉内部近乎导热，略逊于常规重力下热性能；超重力强化的自然对流可以显著提升热沉性能，10g条件相比常规重力的温控时间增加8.94%，而相同Ra^*下，周期性重力对热沉Ⅰ的性能有抑制作用。研究结果对飞行器载相变热沉的地面细化设计有一定指导意义。
- 相变材料 /
- 山梨糖醇 /
- 拓扑优化 /
- 热控性能 /
- 无量纲数
Abstract:
To enhance the performance of phase change heat sink based heat sinks, the topology optimization of a sorbitol/aluminum phase change heat sink based heat sink is carried out using solid isotropic material with penalization (SIMP) method. Numerical investigations on phase change heat sink with topologically optimized fins (I) and straight fins (II) under the constant gravity (0～20g) and periodic gravity are presented. Dimensionless numbers are used to compare the thermal performance of the two heat sinks. The results show that heat sink I performs better than heat sink II. Under the same gravity environment with 80 ℃ as the goal, the temperature control time of the heat sink I is extended by up to 26.8% on average. Under the microgravity and low gravity, heat conduction dominates the heat sinks, of which the thermal performance is slightly inferior to that under conventional gravity. The natural convection of the liquid PCM driven by supergravity significantly enhances the heat transfer. For heat sink I, the temperature control time of 10g is 8.94% higher than that of conventional gravity, and the periodic gravity has an inhibitory effect at the same Ra^*. Research findings provide guidance for detailing the design of aircraft phase change heat sinks .
- phase change material /
- sorbitol /
- topological optimization /
- thermal control performance /
- dimensionaless number

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图 1 热沉Ⅰ的拓扑优化设计域和热沉Ⅱ的结构示意图

Figure 1. Topological optimization design domain of heat sink I and structural schematic diagram of heat sink Ⅱ

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图 2 不同网格尺寸液相分数随时间变化曲线

Figure 2. Time varying curves of liquid phase fraction with different grid sizes

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图 3 不同时间步长液相分数随时间变化曲线

Figure 3. Time varying curves of liquid phase fraction with different time steps

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图 4 热沉Ⅰ树状拓扑优化结果示意图

Figure 4. Schematic of tree-like topological optimization result for heat sink I

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图 5 热沉Ⅰ，θ与Fo·Ste^*的关系

Figure 5. Heat sink Ⅰ, θ relationship with Fo·Ste^*

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图 6 热沉Ⅰ液相体积分数$\varphi $与Fo·Ste^*的关系

Figure 6. Heat sink Ⅰ liquid phase volume fraction $\varphi $ relationship with Fo·Ste^*

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图 7 热沉Ⅰ与热沉Ⅱ的θ与Fo·Ste^*关系

Figure 7. θ of heat sinks Ⅰ and Ⅱ relationship with Fo·Ste^*

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图 8 以θ=1为目标热沉Ⅰ与热沉Ⅱ的控温时长

Figure 8. Temperature control time of heat sinks Ⅰ and Ⅱ at θ=1

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图 9 热沉Ⅰ与热沉Ⅱ的V^*与Fo·Ste^*关系

Figure 9. V^* of heat sinks Ⅰ and Ⅱ relationship with Fo·Ste^*

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图 10 热沉Ⅰ与热沉Ⅱ在不同Ra^*下流场的变化

Figure 10. Varying of flow for field heat sinks Ⅰand Ⅱ at different Ra^*

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图 11 热沉Ⅰ与热沉Ⅱ在不同Ra^*下的融化进展

Figure 11. Varying of melting progress for heat sinks Ⅰand Ⅱ at different Ra^*

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图 12 周期性重力场中热沉Ⅰ的θ与Fo·Ste^*关系

Figure 12. θ of heat sink Ⅰ in periodic gravity field relationship with Fo·Ste^*

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表 1 相变热沉的材料物性

Table 1. Material properties of heat sinks

材料	参数	数值
山梨糖醇^[30-31]	熔点T_m/℃	75
	比热容c_p (25 ℃)/ [J·(kg·K)⁻¹]	2 050
	比热容c_p (100 ℃)/ [J·(kg·K)⁻¹]	2 990
	密度ρ/(kg·m⁻³)	1 490
	导热系数k/[W·(m·K)⁻¹]	0.59
	相变潜热L/(J·kg⁻¹)	177 000
	热膨胀系数β/T⁻¹	0.000 1
	动力黏度μ/(Pa·s)	0.003 3
铝	比热容c_pal (25 ℃)/[ J·(kg·K)⁻¹]	871
	密度ρ_al/(kg·m⁻³)	2 719
	导热系数k_al/[W·(m·K)⁻¹]	238

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表 2 重力场中不同时刻热沉Ⅰ和Ⅱ的温度

Table 2. Temperature of heat sinks Ⅰ and Ⅱ at different time in gravity field

Ra^*	热沉	Fo·Ste^*=1.90		Fo·Ste^*=2.37		Fo·Ste^*=2.84
Ra^*	热沉	θ_av	θ	θ_av	θ	θ_av	θ
0	Ⅰ	0.715	1.038	1.014	1.341	1.429	1.754
0	Ⅱ	1.155	1.362	1.596	1.807	2.132	2.346
8.98×10³	Ⅰ	0.711	1.034	1.001	1.335	1.417	1.743
8.98×10³	Ⅱ	1.149	1.356	1.588	1.798	2.120	2.332
8.98×10⁴	Ⅰ	0.707	1.030	1.000	1.325	1.402	1.720
8.98×10⁴	Ⅱ	1.147	1.350	1.579	1.783	2.072	2.263
8.98×10⁵	Ⅰ	0.654	0.961	0.825	1.108	1.043	1.311
8.98×10⁵	Ⅱ	1.031	1.201	1.200	1.327	1.034	1.544
注：表中黑色加粗为拓扑优化热沉对应数据。

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