Aircraft multi-velocity difference car-following model based on flight networking operation
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摘要:
为提高空中交通流的稳定性，基于飞联网运行特性研究了考虑偏移的航空器多速度差跟驰模型。为定量描述航空器间的偏移对跟驰行为的影响,引入偏移阻碍作用,建立偏移与前导航空器速度的关系,将跟驰模型扩展到三维模式；考虑飞联网环境下的多航空器信息交互模式，构建航空器多速度差跟驰模型，并应用稳定性分析方法，推导所提模型稳定性判别条件，计算稳态通行能力；在对模型进行参数标定的基础上，以考虑3架前导航空器的多速度差跟驰模型为例，设计数值仿真实验。结果表明：阻碍作用随偏移量的增大而减小，在相同偏移量情况下，重型机的阻碍作用最大，轻型机最小；所提模型相比传统模型具备更优的稳定域，且考虑前导航空器数量越多、权重系数越大，所提模型的稳定性越好；相同取值条件下，所提模型的燃油消耗系数均低于传统模型，当敏感系数取1 s−1时，燃油消耗系数降低27.12%。数值仿真表明航空器多速度差跟驰模型有利于提高空中交通流的稳定性，降低燃油消耗。
Abstract:In order to improve the stability of air traffic flow, this study investigated an aircraft multi-velocity difference car-following model considering offsets based on the characteristics of flight networking operations. Firstly, to quantitatively describe the influence of offsets between aircraft on the car-following behavior, the concept of offset hindrance was introduced, and the relationship between offset and the velocity of the leading aircraft was established, extending the car-following model to a three-dimensional mode. Secondly, by considering the multi-aircraft information interaction mode in the flight networking environment, a multi-velocity difference aircraft car-following model was constructed, and stability analysis methods were applied to derive the stability discrimination conditions and calculate the steady-state traffic capacity of the proposed model. Finally, based on the parameter calibration of the model, numerical simulation experiments were designed by using the multi-velocity difference car-following model considering three leading aircraft. The results show that the hindrance effect decreases as the offset increases, and for the same offset value, heavy aircraft have the highest hindrance effect while light aircraft have the lowest hindrance effect. The proposed model has a better stable region compared to traditional models, and the stability of the proposed model improves with an increase in the number of leading aircraft and the weight coefficient. Under the same parameter values, the fuel consumption coefficient of the proposed model is lower than that of the traditional car-following model, and when the sensitivity coefficient is set to 1 s−1, the fuel consumption coefficient decreases by 27.12%. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the aircraft multi-velocity difference model contributes to improving the stability of air traffic flow and reducing fuel consumption.
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图 2 跟驰稳定域与敏感系数曲线
Figure 2. Car-following stability domain and sensitivity coefficient curves
图 5 多速度差跟驰模型航空器速度分布
Figure 5. Aircraft velocity distribution of multi-velocity difference car-following model
图 6 传统速度差跟驰模型航空器速度分布
Figure 6. Aircraft velocity distribution of traditional velocity difference car-following model
表 1 模型参数取值
Table 1. Parameter values of model
目标函数 $ {v_0} $/(m·s−1) $ \beta $ $ {b_x} $ $ {f_{{\text{rel}}}}({S^{{\text{sim}}}}) $ 157.8 1.02 136 $ {f_{{\text{abs}}}}({S^{{\text{sim}}}}) $ 196.4 2.56 204 $ {f_{{\text{mix}}}}({S^{{\text{sim}}}}) $ 250 1.13 160 
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