中国航班延误责任制度之完善——以欧盟立法与实践演进为鉴

doi:10.13766/j.bhsk.1008-2204.2014.0308

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

航班延误属于履行迟延,其界定应采合理期望说为宜。中国对延误的立法分类极不合理。国际航空延误归责原则一直坚持过错推定责任原则。欧盟的航班延误责任制度历经了萌芽、成熟和完善期,目前以条例修订和司法判例完善乘客权利的保障措施,并仍将继续加强。中国航班延误纠纷愈演愈烈的根源在于相关立法位阶低、法律空白多,航空公司往往钻法律漏洞,逃避法律责任。中国民用航空局发布的首个航班延误管理立法的征求意见稿,体现了中国加强旅客权益保护的立法趋势,但它仍处于欧盟立法发展的下位阶段。在对比分析中国与欧盟相关立法和实践的基础上,对中国航班延误责任立法制度和具体实践提出弥补承运人义务的法律空白、细化免责事由等完善建议。

关键词: 航班延误, 责任制度, 归责原则, 欧盟立法, 旅客权利, 立法完善

Abstract:

Flight delay is delay of performance, whose definition should adopt reasonable expectation doctrine. Chinese law on the classification of delay isn't suitable. The international doctrine of liability fixation about flight delay insists on the doctrine of presumptive. The EU has experienced initial, mature and perfect periods in the improvement of flight delay responsibility. And now it is improving the protection for passengers by revising regulations and judiciary cases, and in the future it will further strengthen passengers' rights. The complaints caused by flight delay have been more and more serious in China due to the low level of legislation and lots of legal blankness,so the airlines usually make use of the legal blankness and avoid undertaking liability. Recently, CAAC released the new legislation draft, the first special legislation about flight delay, which reflects the legislative trend of strengthening the protection of passenger rights but it is still on the lower stage of EU's legislative development. By comparing China with EU on related legislation and practice, the paper makes pertinent suggestions on the liability system and specific practice about Chinese flight delays.

Key words: flight delay, responsibility institution, doctrine of liability fixation, EU legislation, passenger right, legislative perfection

中图分类号:

DF934

袁治杰, 刘宁文, 陈玥, 林家红. 中国航班延误责任制度之完善——以欧盟立法与实践演进为鉴[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）, 2015, 28(3): 51-59.

Yuan Zhijie, Liu Ningwen, Chen Yue, Lin Jiahong. Perfection of Liability System of Chinese Flight Delay: a Perspective of EU's Legislation and Practice Development[J]. JOURNAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF AERONAUTICS AND A, 2015, 28(3): 51-59.

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