Abstract: The new rural endowment insurance system has an active role in solving the problem of supporting elderly peasants, but at the same time it also has some defects such as lack of dynamic adjustment mechanism and immoderate central finance burden level. This article designs a new dynamic adjustment mechanism for the rural fundamental annuities and calculates fundamental annuities payment level and central finance actual burden level by forecasting the growth rate of CPI and the per capital net income of peasants. By designing a central finance moderate burden level model of new rural endowment insurance, this article reckons central finance theoretical burden level. Compared with the actual level, a conclusion can be drawn that central finance can fully bear the burden of fundament annuities payment.