中国香港社会保障政策的变迁及启示

Transition and Implications of Social Security Policies in Hong Kong of China

摘要: 自开埠以来，中国香港的社会保障制度从无到有，取得了较快的发展，特别是经过二战后几十年的实践、发展，已日趋完善。通过对中国香港立法与政策变迁过程的整合和梳理，可以将香港社会保障政策的变迁划分为1970年以前社会保障从无到有的萌芽时期、1971-1990年社会保障制度全新发展时期以及1990年至今香港社会保障政策的完善时期。每个时期的政策和立法都在不同的经济、社会、文化背景下产生，并对维持社会的和谐稳定也产生了积极的影响。

Abstract: Since opening as a commercial port, especially after the World War Ⅱ, Hong Kong has been developing rapidly in social security system. By integrating the changes of Hong Kong's social security system, the paper divides the changes into three parts:embryonic period (before 1970), new development period (1971-1990) and perfecting period (1990-present). Policy and legislation in each period with different economic, social and cultural backgrounds are introduced, which have a positive impact on the maintenance of social harmony and stability.