Analysis of Some Philosophical Matters and Historical Data Relevant to Cheng Brothers
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摘要: 分析了二程思想倾向之异。程颢主德,追求超越的宇宙人生之道德价值。程颐侧重主知的格物致知,把握事物现象中之必然性。二程的天理(理)既是宇宙中人与物本身皆内在具有的超越的道德性的绝对,又是天地间事物本身客观的自然规律之理。大程的识仁倾向前者,小程的格物注重于后者。文章认为周敦颐、张载、程颢、胡宏等人的性说是性善论的一种,张载有明显的虚、气二元倾向,对《粹言》的编者为谁,及张载和程颐的语录中分别混杂有对方语录等问题作了考辨。Abstract: This paper probes into the difference between Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi in their thoughts, and concludes that Cheng Hao stressed virtue in pursuit of the transcendental moral values of life, while Cheng Yi emphasized knowledge so as to grasp the nature of physical phenomena, and their universal principle, namely the law of nature, is that both human beings and the world are characterized with the absoluteness of inherently transcendental morality. The author argues that Chou Tun-Yi,Chang Tsai,Cheng Hao and Hu Hung-s theories of human nature fallinto the category of good-naturedness of human beings, among which Chang Tsai-stheory is characterized with dualism between supreme void and ether. The paper attempts to make a textual research into the authorship of the book CUI YAN, and into the problem concerning the ideas of the other in their respective work.
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Keywords:
- Cheng brothers /
- up and down forms /
- universal principle /
- human nature /
- textual research
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[1] 葛瑞汉.中国的两位哲学家:二程兄弟的新儒学[M].程德祥等译.郑州:大象出版社，1999. [2] 社科院哲学所中哲史室.正蒙·诚明篇第六[A].中国哲学史资料选辑:宋元明之部上[C].北京:中华书局,1980.133. [3] (宋)周敦颐.通书·周敦颐集:卷二[M].北京:中华书局,1990.12. [4] (宋)程颢，程颐.二程集[M].北京:中华书局,1981. [5] 陈钟凡.两宋思想述评[M].北京:东方出版社,1996.116. [6] (宋)黎靖德.朱子语类[C].北京:中华书局,1986. [7] (宋)张载.张载集[M].北京:中华书局,1978. [8] (宋)杨时.杨龟山先生全集:卷一九[M].光绪五年重修本. [9] (宋)杨时.杨龟山先生全集:卷二○[M].光绪五年重修本. [10] (清)黄宗羲.武夷学案·宋元学案(第九册)[M].北京:商务印书馆，.112.
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